Page 24 - Makino,Tsutusi.DictionaryOfIntermediateJGrammar

GRAMMATICAL TERMS
(c) ?>2-b&?ikLl/>j?,
(Nancy is pretty.)

(d) F P ~ J L ~ ~ ~ ,
(The door opened.)
?(* *t
(e) #tfF-~&&,
(lit. One table exists. (= There is a table.))
(f) Z.nz%l/>,
(The sky is blue.)

Subordinate Clause A clause which is embedded into a main clause with
a subordinate conjunction. Qpical subordinate conjunctions are ba 'if,' kara
'because,' node 'because,' keredo 'although' and noni 'although.' Thus, in (a)
below, the bold-faced clause with the subordinate conjunction node is embed-
ded into the main clause Nakayama-san wa gakk6 o yasunda, 'Mr. Nakayama
was absent from school.'
htf r~t
(a) Y~s LC~BWG~P~ ~T%~Q%LIL
(Mr. Nakayama was absent from school because he had a headache.)
The informal form of a verb / adjective is usually used in a subordinate clause.

Suffi (+ Ref= / Suffix)

Suru-verb A verb which is composed of a noun and sum (Exs.(a) and (b))
or a single 'word and suru (Ex.(c)). Nouns preceding suru are mostly Chinese-
origin words. Sum-verbs conjugate in the same way as sum.
-L Lrl
b
(a) f% B * 5 (to study); #I!&* (to clean); &hda L j- 5 (to stay up
late)

(c) %b b (to heat); %b b (to guess)

Bansitive Verb A verb that requires a direct object. It usually expresses
an action that acts upon S.O. or s.t. indicated by the direct object. Actions indi-
cated by transitive verbs include real causatives (such as ikaseru 'makeflet