Page 25 - Makino,Tsutusi.DictionaryOfIntermediateJGrammar

GRAMMATICAL TERMS
s.0. go,' korosu 'kill,' miseru 'show,' nakasu 'make s.0. cry,' noseru 'put,
place'), exchange (such as ageru 'give,' mow 'receive,' kureru 'give'), crea-
tion (such as tsukum 'make,' kaku 'write,' kangaeru 'think'), communication
(such as hanasu 'speak,' oshieru 'teach,' tsutaeru 'convey a message') and
others. Note that some English transitive verbs are intransitive in Japanese.
*LL <a*
(a) %LCiZWi4&o
(lit. With me a car exists. (= I have a car.))

(b) ~G~&&FL\~,
(lit. To me money is necessary. (= I need money.))
*
3*i L'<
(c) X~X2tvCm~~~fl53~~6~
(lit. To Mr. Smith Chinese is understandable. (= Mr. Smith under-
stands Chinese.))
(d) %LW~ ~~~5~ii.a~
(lit. To me French is a bit possible. (= I can speak French a little.))
ti Sri
(e) %?2tvCi~3X~&2 tv~:43~,,
(Mr. Kinoshita met his father in Tokyo.)
3
(f) %Lb:biWWWLX&fi>3t:0
(lit. To me the bell wasn't audible. (= I wasn't able to hear the bell.))
b. I:*&
(g) Z~~c;CiF3*t-LL-n~W,k.?&tk0
(lit. From here Mt. Fuji is visible. (= We can see Mt. Fuji from here.))
bkLk3 Ld.L+tL
(h) %L iBCih@%&V % L fc0
(We rode a bullet train.)
(i) %LC~@K&TL\~ LI/~,
(It seems that I resemble my mother.)

Verbal A sentence element which indicates the action or state of the sub-
ject. A verbal is either a verb, an adjective, or a noun followed by a copula, as
in (a) - (c).
bLL :Ld% S d% l: *h.lri
(a) %L Ci+%MSB 7': < 2 AM %! L tc,
(I studied many kanji this term.)