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‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﻑﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ‬

‫‪NI TUK‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺛﻻﺙ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕﻷﺳﻢ »ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ« ﻭﺭﺩﺕ‪ 2‬ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺼﻴﻎﻭﻋﻻﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻭﻫﻲﻛﺎﻵﺗﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ k#‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺴﺮ ﻃﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻟﻬﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ »ﺪﺑﻮﻤﻟﻥ« ﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻬﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ »ﺍﻮﻟﺭﺎﻛﺀ‪ )0023( ،‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺔ‬

‫‪kneDi-lmun‬خ‪ ))au‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺮﺟﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ »ﺎﺟﻲﻧ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ‪٧،‬ﻩ‪.‬‬

‫‪ :‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻮﺡ ﻃﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ »ﺍﻮﻟﺭﺎﻛﺀ« ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺍﺳﻢ »ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ« ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻭﺑﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻫ»ﻲ ‪ ،ukne-Gal‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺘﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ »ﺭﺲﻴﺋ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻲ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ«‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﺢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ »ﺮﺿﺍﺐﺋ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺎﺩ« (ﺍﻮﺼﺤﻤﻟﻝ)!ﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﺮﺭﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬

‫ﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ »ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ«ﻑ ﻓﺘﺮﺍﺕﻻﺣﻘﺔ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ‪ 2‬ﻧﺺ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺟﻤﺪﺓ ﻧﺼﺮ (ﺮﺘﻓﺓ‬

‫ﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻨﻲ »ﻓﺄﺱ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﻙ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ )»ﺣﻴﺚ ﺮﻘﻧًﺃ‪2utn -iDlmun‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﻢ »ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ » ﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻞ ﻧﺠﺪ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻪﻃ ﻑ ﺻﻴﻎ ﺗﺨﺺ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﺿﻤﻦ‬

‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻣﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ«‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‪ 2‬ﻓﺘﺮﺍﺕ ﻻﺣﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺼﺮ ﻓﺠﺮﺍﻟﺴﻻﻻﺕ‬

‫( ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣ‪D‬ﻦ ﺎﻬﻨ‪u‬ﻴﺑ‪ )KNuITU m:‬ﺃﻱ »ﺍﻦﺑ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ« ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺕﻑ ﻧﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ »ﺍﻮﻟﺭﺎﻛﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺎﻨﻣﻖﻃ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻮﺳﺀ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ‪ -‬ﺃﻣﻜﻦ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﺳﻢ »ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ« ﻭﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ(»ﺯﺎﺑﻻ‪2‬ﻡ‪ )mabal a،‬ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﺪﻥ‬

‫‪.‬ﻡ‪OpCit, 338.‬ﻻ)‪10. Nissen.H.19)86‬‬
‫‪1. Ibid.‬‬
‫‪12. Pots.D,T(١990) The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, from Prehistoyr to the Fall of the Achaemenid‬‬
‫‪.‬ﻡ‪Empire,volume.1, Oxford, 87.‬‬
‫‪Op.Cit, p.338339•.‬ﻝ)‪13. ،NissenH١9)86‬‬

‫ﺍﻳﺎ‪.‬‬