Page 172 - BAB I-V ADATMINANG

approaches or lobbying (lobbying) in everyday

customary expressions called: babiliak ketek, babiliak
gadang (small berbilik or smaller family groups led by

mamak, larger berbilik family groups led by penghulu).

Even though lobbying is a way to reach agreement from
parties with different opinions, democratic principles

such as openness, freedom of opinion and submission of
criticism are still carried out.

Based on the above adage, it can be stated that
Minang custom recognizes lobbying which is called an

approach or small discussion between nephew and

mamak, big discussion between mamak and a higher-
ranking penghulu or datuak.

b. Freedom of Opinion
As a result of the state of equal social status,

Minang customs really value freedom of thought as in
the customary proverb:

Pincalang Biduak Rang Tiku,

didayuang sambi manungkuik,
Basilang wood in the stove,