Page 187 - BAB I-V ADATMINANG

has been integrated with religion. In the adat doctrine, it is

stated that the egalitarian principle adopted by adat with the
tagak samo high, duduak samo randah, has a meaning of

action carried out for reasons of awareness. A Muslim is only

validly declared Islam after he consciously utters a testimony
to accept or acknowledge that there is no God but Allah and

Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. The word of God in
Surah Al Baqarah verse 256 reads:

ْ
َّ
ۗ
ْ
ُ
َكَسْمَتْسا ِ ه اللّ ِت ْ وُغاطلا ْ نمَف يغلا دْش ُّ رلا نْيِِّدلا هاركِا َ لَ
َ
َ َ
َ ِِّ
ِ
ٰ ْ ْ
ْ
مْيِلَع ُ ه اللّ اهَل ماصِفْنا َ لَ ىقثولا ِةو ْ رُعلا
َ َ َ
ُ
ٌ
َ
"There is no compulsion in (adhering to) religion".
(Qur'an 2: 256)
G. Nature of Education
In chapter II it is explained that there are three types
of education, namely formal, informal and non-formal education.
The nature of education contained in Minang customs, there are
only two characteristics of education, namely informal and non-
formal. Meanwhile, formal education is organized by both the
Indonesian and Dutch governments.
The victory of the liberals in the Dutch parliament

in the early 1900s forced the Dutch colonial government to carry