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This theory was introduced by John Locke (1632 –

1704), he argues that a newborn child is likened to a white
paper, it is the educator who makes scribbles on the paper

according to his will. This school assumes that humans are

born with an empty soul, and this soul can be filled with
ideas from outside influences, such as experiences

(empirical) that are captured by the senses and processing
the results of sensory impressions in the soul. Therefore,

education is very potential to fill the empty soul in the
newborn child, so that education is considered as the

almighty, and the role of educators is very dominant in

shaping the personality and intellectuality of students.
This theory is supported by behaviorism from

psychology which focuses on habit formation.
3. Convergence Flow

This flow was pioneered by William Stern (1871-
1939). According to this theory, the factors that determine

human development are a combination (convergence)

between talent factors and environmental factors.
This flow does not deny human talent, but the

power of education and other environments is also

undeniable. So the development of each individual is the
result of hereditary and environment (environment), these