Page 84 - JLA-03
P. 84

¥ÿ≈æ“À



                      À√◊ÕÀ“°ª√–‡∑»¡ÿà߇πâπ çª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æé „π‡™‘ß°“√°”°—∫æƒμ‘°√√¡¢Õß®”‡≈¬

              „À⇪ìπ‰ªμ“¡‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢‡æ’¬ß„π¢≥–∑’ˬ—ßμ‘¥Õÿª°√≥åÕ¬Ÿà‡∑à“π—Èπ μ“¡§«“¡§‘¥„π‡™‘ß¬Õ¡√—∫À√◊Õ
              ª≈ßμ°«à“ ÿ¥∑⓬·≈â«Õ“™≠“°√√¡‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∑’ˉ¡àÕ“®°”®—¥„ÀâÀ¡¥‰ª‰¥â ∑’Ë∑”‰¥â§◊Õ·§àªÑÕß°—π

              À√◊Õ®—¥°“√ºŸâ°√–∑”º‘¥„ÀâÕ¬Ÿà„π°√Õ∫‡æ’¬ß™à«ß√–¬–‡«≈“Àπ÷Ëß (managerial-surveillant)

              ª√–‡∑»π—Èπ°Á®–‰¡à‡πâπ„™â EM À≈—ß»“≈¡’§”æ‘æ“°…“„À⇪ìπ¥—Ëß‚∑…®”§ÿ°‡ ¡◊Õπ À“°·μà®–„™â
              EM ‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ‡μ◊Õπ μ‘„Àâ®”‡≈¬√–≈÷°«à“¡’°“√®—∫μ“¡Õß·≈–μ√–Àπ—°«à“°“√ΩÉ“ΩóπμâÕ߉¥â√—∫

              ‚∑…§àÕπ¢â“ß·πàπÕπÕ—π‡π◊ËÕß®“°°“√μ√«®®—∫∑’Ë·¡à𬔷≈–√«¥‡√Á« EM ∑’Ë„™â„π≈—°…≥–π’È

              ®÷߇ªìπ‡™‘ßªÑÕߪ√“¡À√◊Õ¢Ÿà„Àâ°≈—« (deterrence) ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ®”‡≈¬ª√–æƒμ‘μπÕ¬Ÿà„π°√Õ∫

              ‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢‡ªìπÀ≈—° „π√–∫∫§«“¡§‘¥‡™àππ’È ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬ ”§—≠§◊Õª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å

              ‡æ◊ËÕ≈¥°“√°√–∑”º‘¥´È”μ≈Õ¥‡«≈“‡∑à“∑’Ë®”‡≈¬¬—ßμ‘¥Õÿª°√≥åÕ¬Ÿà  à«π°“√·°â‰¢æƒμ‘π‘ —¬
              ¢Õß®”‡≈¬‡æ◊ËÕ¡ÿàߺ≈√–¬–¬“«¿“¬À≈—ß®”‡≈¬∂Õ¥Õÿª°√≥剪·≈⫉¡à„™à«—μ∂ÿª√– ß§å∑’Ë ”§—≠‡∑à“

              ¥—ßπ—Èπ ®÷ßÕ“®¡’°“√„™â EM ‡ªìπ¡“μ√°“√‡¥’ˬ«∑’ˉ¡à¡’æπ—°ß“π§ÿ¡ª√–æƒμ‘‡¢â“¡“‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß

              ‚¥¬ºŸâ∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫„π°“√°”°—∫¥Ÿ·≈Õ“®‡ªìπ∫√‘…—∑‡Õ°™π∑’ˉ¥â —¡ª∑“π®“°¿“§√—∞ À√◊Õ·¡â®–
              Õ¬Ÿà¿“¬„μâ™◊ËÕ¢Õß°“√§ÿ¡ª√–æƒμ‘ ·μà‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢„π°“√§ÿ¡ª√–æƒμ‘°Á¡—°‡ªìπ Ÿμ√ ”‡√Á®∑’˪√—∫„™â

              °—∫®”‡≈¬ à«π„À≠à ‰¡à¡’°“√ª√—∫·ª≈ß‚¥¬Õ‘ß°—∫®ÿ¥·¢Áß·≈–®ÿ¥ÕàÕπ¢Õß®”‡≈¬·μà≈–§π‡æ◊ËÕ

                                               (ˆ)
              °“√ª√—∫‡ª≈’ˬπæƒμ‘°√√¡„π√–¬–¬“«

                      Õ¬à“߉√°Áμ“¡ À“°ª√–‡∑»π—Èπ¬÷¥∂◊Õ·π«∑“ß¡πÿ…¬π‘¬¡ ‚¥¬¡Õß«à“®”‡≈¬∑ÿ°§π≈â«π

              ·μà‡ªìπºŸâÀ≈ߺ‘¥™—Ë«¢≥–·≈–§«√‰¥â√—∫°“√·°â‰¢®ÿ¥ÕàÕπ ª√—∫ª√ÿß®ÿ¥·¢Áß ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ°≈—∫¡“Õ¬Ÿà

              √à«¡°—π„π —ߧ¡‰¥âÕ’°§√—ÈßÀπ÷Ëß (humanistic-rehabilitative) ·≈â« °“√„™â EM °Á®–‡ªìπ‰ª



              (ˆ)
                °“√„™â EM „π≈—°…≥–∑’Ë„™â‡ªìπ¡“μ√°“√‡¥’ˬ«·≈–¥”‡π‘π°“√‚¥¬∫√‘…—∑‡Õ°™π ‚¥¬∑’ˉ¡à¡’æπ—°ß“π§ÿ¡ª√–æƒμ‘
                ‡¢â“¡“‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß æ∫‰¥â„πª√–‡∑»Õ—ß°ƒ…·≈–‡«≈ å ª√–‡∑» °Õμ·≈π¥å ·≈–À≈“¬√—∞„π À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“. ‚ª√¥
                ¥Ÿ Ibarra, Gur and Erez, supra note 2; M. Nellis and J. Bungerfeldt, ùElectronic Monitoring
                and Probation in Sweden and England and Wales: Comparative Policy Developmentsû,
                Probation Journal, vol. 60, no. 3, 2013, pp. 278-301; G. McIvor and H. Graham, Electronic
                Monitoring in Scotland, Scotland, Scottish Centre for Crime and Justice Research and
                University of Stirling, 2016, Available from http://emeu.leeds.ac.uk/reports/, (accessed 17 April

                2019).



              74                                                              ‡≈à¡∑’Ë Û  ªï∑’Ë ˆˆ
   79   80   81   82   83   84   85   86   87   88   89