Page 1076 - The Toxicology of Fishes

1056 The Toxicology of Fishes

pulp mill effluents, 6, 190, 366, 374, 468, 470, quantitative structure–activity relationship
933–958; see also pulp mills (QSAR), 123, 127, 128, 770
acute toxicity of, 944 Quantitative Water Air Sediment Interaction
bleached kraft, 691, 695 (QWASI) model, 651
caging studies of, 952 quercetin, 203, 204, 205
effects, indicators for assessing, 947–948, 950 quinolines, 207
effects of on fish, 937–945, 948 quinone reductase, 282–283, 294, 350
impacts of, 953 quinones, 158, 164, 179, 207, 208, 282, 296, 297,
isolation of causative process streams, 298, 300, 607
953–954 BaP, 208
manipulations of, 955
mesocosm studies of, 951–952 R
monitoring approaches to, 948–952 racemic styrene oxide, 180
reproductive toxicity of, 945 racemization, 813
studies of, 945–946 radiation, ultraviolet, 300, 303, 343, 356, 549,
toxicity tests for, 949–951 550, 560, 562, 605
pulp mills, 352, 365, 935–937 radioligand, 247
pulse exposures, 799 radionuclides, 497
purines, 179 raf, 558
Purkinje cells, 422 rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), mercury in,
putrescine, 297 826
pyloric ceca, 16, 69, 78, 117, 797, 798 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 15, 16, 25,
pyochelin, 296 41–42, 65, 67, 72, 73, 75, 78, 111, 117, 120,
pyrene, 110, 119, 650, 653–654, 897 160, 162, 163, 169, 176, 177, 178, 179,
bioconcentration factor, 656 189–190, 205, 207, 212, 213, 237, 349, 427,
PBTK model for, 122 434, 436, 494, 537, 577, 674, 837, 838, 859
pyrethrin esters, 434 96-hour test, 949
pyrethrins, 444, 805, 806, 807, 808 2-acetamidofluorene, and, 204, 542
pyrethroid-resistant fish, 609 AChE inhibition in, 178
pyrethroids, 6, 182, 428, 434–437, 438, 445, acidic runoff, and, 799
505–506, 601, 742, 744, 805–815 AFB , and, 211, 213, 564, 571
1
biotransformation of, 810 aflatoxin, and, 209, 369, 538, 539, 543, 552,
classes of, 807–808, 812 557, 562, 563, 564, 570
emulsifiable concentrate, 809 AhRs in, 827
formulation of, 809 aldicarb, and, 214, 215
isomers of, 813 allyl formate, and, 370
mode of action of, 807 aluminum, and, 443
photostable, 806, 808, 812 anterior kidney, 492
toxicity of, 807–810 ARNT proteins in, 827
toxicodynamics of, 812–814 Arochlor , and, 565
®
toxicokinetics of, 810–812 arsenic, and, 610
pyrethrum, 434, 505 avoidance/attraction responses in, 442
pyridaben, 744 BaP, and, 511, 541, 544
pyridines, 179 bile chemical concentrations, 85
pyrimidine dimers, 549, 550 bile collection in, 86
pyrimidines, 179 bile flow in, 363
pyrroles, 179 biliary AFB conjugates in, 212
1
biotransformation, and, 122
Q blood–water partitioning in, 119
qPCR, 688 BPDECs in, 340
QR1, 290 bromosulfophthalein elimination in, 86
quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase cadmium, and, 406, 476, 499, 500
chain reaction (qPCR), 688 carbaryl, and, 434