Page 11 - Full Solutions 2nd Advanced Student Book_Neat

,ll. Read the text and explain the question in the title. Then sum
1,, r,.,r rl,.l:1,i. .1,,ti rl ,i :l rl
up the answer the text gives.
When phrasatverbs are used in passive structures, the two
or three parts stay together.
All the lights had been switched off.
The same is true for infinitive structures untess the phrasal
Why do some peopte back down when faced with a threat, while
verb belongs to type 2.
others stand up to it? When given a difficutt tasl<, why do some
Jane is not easy to get on with. I need to look it up in a
peopte see it through, white others give up? lt a[[ comes down
dictionary.
to personality. But where does that come from? Some scientists
believe that most traits are inherited. Others take the opposite
Read the Look out! box. Then find phrasal verbs 1-8 in the
view: personatity, they say, is formed by our environment and
parents do not pass it on to their chitdren. text in exercise 1 and decide:
The truth is probabty somewhere in between. Some traits are a what each phrasalverb means.
ctearty determined by your environment: whatever your genetic b whether they are type 1, 2,3 or 4.
background, ifyou grow up in Sweden, you'tt probabty speak c whether they are active, passive or infinitive structures.
Swedish. On the other hand, when it comes to traits tike the
colour ofyour eyes or your blood type, it is clear that genetics 1, back down 3 see through 5 pass on 7 account for
atone accounts for them. There are also traits which are partly 2 stand up to 4 give up 6 grow up 8 make up
inherited but partly shaped by environment: your weight, and
f,i Read the text in exercise 5, ignoring the mistal<es. What
even your height and skin cotour, are examptes.
can identicaI twins te[[ us about the effects of genetics and
Of course, genetics and the environment together are not the futt
environment?
picture. Your free will - your abitity to tal<e decisions - is atso a
factor in shapingyour identity, but how big a factor? You'[[ have
to make your own mind up about that!
Find and correct eight more mistal<es with the word order of
.'li: nead the Learn thisl boxbelow and match one, two or three phrasaI verbs.
examples (a-h) with each type of phrasalverb. -ir::a:=t:!,:.:ai{it{isi_*:ti}rtilg"i,fl:tllii;$tr:i ;pii}:j,{r
a How wetl do you get on with your siblings? Most people wou1c1 agree that human behaviour is made
b Put your jacl<et on, we're going outside. oiup LtP 0f a mlxture of genetics and envirorunent. The
question is: can we break down it into its constituent
c Who is going to [ool< after me when l'm otd?
parts and decide which influence is stronger in certain
d lt's nine o'clock - time to get up!
situations? It's an intrigting question, and one which will
e I don't think many guests are going to turn up. certainly have important consequences for our sociefiz if
f Don't forget to tal<e off your shoes. the scientists who have been looking it into for many years
g How can you put up with that noise? suddenly come with up a definitive answer.
h l'd til<e to thinl< it over for a while. For example, if drug addiction turns out to be iargely i
genetic, can we blame a heroin addict for not being able to
give up it? If a man is destined to be a criminal because of
PhrasaI verbs
his DNA, ls it morally right to punish him for his crimes,
A phrasal verb is when a verb combines with an adverb
or should socieSz a11ow him to get them away with?
or preposition (or sometimes both) to create a new
Calculating the relative importance of genetics and
meaning. Phrasal verbs can be divided into four main environment is difficult, but in some situations, it
types: is possible to work out it. Of particular interest to
1 Two-partverbs with no object. Example(s): researchers are identical twins who have been brought in
different families up. It's the differences between these
2 Two-part verbs whose obiect can come between OR
twins which provide the key: only their environments can
after the two parts. (However, when the obf ect is a
account them for because identical twins share exactly the
pronoun, it must come between the two parts.)
same DNA.
Example(s):
Two-part verbs whose oblect cannot come between the
parts. Example(s): 'll:r if:-i1,1:ffiflTjll- Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
Three-part verbs whose object cannot come between
1 What kind of people do you get on with best?
the parts. Example(s):
2 Which famous people do you look up to, and why?
3 Which of your personality traits were passed on by
.1
your parents and which can be accounted for by your
experiences?
l" fi ill ,,1 ;r .:. .:, ltr:i it,'',
10 Unit L Beginnings