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LOS 35.b: Calculate the arbitrage-free value
    of an option-free, fixed-rate coupon bond.                        READING 35: THE ARBITRAGE-FREE VALUATION FRAMEWORK

                                                                                        MODULE 35.1: BINOMIAL TREES, PART 1


    EXAMPLE: Arbitrage-free valuation: Sam Givens, a fixed income analyst at GBO Bank, has been asked to value a three-year,
    3% annual pay, €100 par bond with the same liquidity and risk as the benchmark. What is the value of the bond using the spot
    rates provided below?


                                                                                            But what if this bond was not option-
                                                                                            free: that is, it had an  option?


                                                                                            Changes in spot rate will affect its value
                                                                                            and hence the probability of its exercise -
                                                                                            and hence, the underlying cash flows….



                                                                                            We need a model to cope with changes in
                                                                                            rates and underlying CFs flows varying:




                                                                                                      One such model, is the
                                                                                            binomial interest rate tree

                                                                                                         framework.
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