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fowzia@alsakhriconsult.com Dr. Fowzia Abdullah Geology of the Arabian Gulf and Failaka Island-Review
Petroleum Geology Consultant
ALNAFT ALSAKHRI consultancy
Geology of the mudflats and supratidal sea level has been chang-
Arabian Gulf sabkha surfaces. ing during the last 11,000
years, where it dropped to
15 The onshore Quaternary more than 120 m relative to
deposits including the lag present sea level )Al-Asfor,
gravels are blanketing most 1975; Reinink-Smith, 2015(.
northern part of Kuwait. The lowest two terraces
Most of the desert is cov- gave an age range between
ered with wind blown dust 4,570 BC to 3,560 years BP
and sand. The aeolian sand )Holocene(. They are of
deposits cover more than marine origin.
50% of the surface of Ku-
wait, thus they are the most Beach rocks
common type of recent de- in Enjefa Beach
posits in Kuwait. They are
in a form of sand sheets, The Enjefa rocky beach is
sand dunes and wadi-fill within Kuwait City in Salwa
)Fig. 3-B( )Al-Sarawi, 1995( district. The rock exposure
is around 1.5-3 m thick and
Terrace is of Quaternary age )Tano-
north Kuwait li, 2014(. It is composed of a
mixed silisiclastics and car-
There are six terraces in bonate sequence )Fig. 4-B(
north Kuwait Bay from Kaz- deposited in foreshore to
ma and Al-Bahra with height beach, and tidal channel
ranges between 5.99 to environments. Carbon dat-
92.62 m, generally decreas- ing indicates that the last
ing from west to east )Al-As- drop in sea level likely oc-
for, 1975(. Carbon dating curred around 1880 years
for the shells in the rock ter- ago as a result of the
races )Fig. 4-A( in northern north-eastern movement of
Kuwait revealed that the the Arabian Plate )Tanoli,
