Page 685 - Book 1

662 √«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å®‘μμ‘ μ‘ß»¿—∑‘¬å

·≈–°ÆÀ¡“¬∏√√¡™“μ‘ (Social Contract, Natural Law) Lord Coke ‡§¬Õâ“ß«à“

common law ¡“®“°æ√–ºŸâ‡ªìπ‡®â“„π «√√§å √—∞ ¿“®–ÕÕ°°ÆÀ¡“¬¢—¥ common law
‰¡à‰¥â ¢âÕÕâ“ߢÕß Coke ‰¡à‰¥â√—∫§«“¡ ”‡√Á® ·μà„πªí®®ÿ∫—π Rule of Law ‰¥â√—∫°“√

¬◊π¬—π™—¥·®âß„π°“√ª√–™ÿ¡¢Õß International Commission of Jurists ‡√‘Ë¡·μà°“√
ª√–™ÿ¡∑’Ë Athens ‡¡◊ËÕ §.». Ò˘ıı ‡√’¬°«à“ Act of Athens μàÕ¡“¡’ Declaration of

Delhi §.». Ò˘ı˘ Law of Lagos §.». Ò˘ˆÒ Resolution of Rio §.». Ò˘ˆÚ
(˜ı)
Declaration of Bangkok §.». Ò˘ˆı ´÷Ëß√«¡§«“¡‡ªìπÀ≈—°«à“
(Ò) ¿“√°‘®¢ÕßΩÉ“¬π‘μ‘∫—≠≠—μ‘„πª√–‡∑»‡ √’¿“¬„μâ Rule of Law §◊Õ √â“ß

·≈–√—°…“‰«â´÷Ëß “√–∑’Ë®–∑”„Àâ·μà≈–§π¡’»—°¥‘Ï»√’‡ªìπ§π ‰¡à·μà®–¡’ ‘∑∏‘„π∑“ß·æàß·≈–
∑“ß°“√‡¡◊Õß∫“ߪ√–°“√‡∑à“π—Èπ ·μàμâÕß„À⇪ìπ·°àπ “√∑“ß —ߧ¡ ‡»√…∞°‘® °“√»÷°…“

·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡Õ—𮔇ªìπ·°à°“√æ—≤π“∫ÿ§≈‘°¿“æ¢Õ߇¢“ Õ’°π—¬Àπ÷Ëߧ◊Õ°“√√—∫ª√–°—π
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μË”°«à“√–¥—∫∑’ˇ撬߷μà®–∑√ß™’æÕ¬Ÿà‰¥â ¥—߇™àπ∑’ˇªìπÕ¬Ÿà„πª√–‡∑»¥âÕ¬æ—≤π“„πÕ“‡´’¬
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‡°‘π¢Õ∫‡¢μ ·μàμâÕß¡’∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘„Àâ¡’√—∞∫“≈∑’Ë “¡“√∂√—°…“§«“¡ ß∫‡√’¬∫√âÕ¬‰«â‰¥â

μ≈Õ¥®π√—°…“∞“π–∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈–‡»√…∞°‘®¢Õß™ÿ¡™π‰¥â¥â«¬ ¡’ª√–°—π —ߧ¡ ¡’»“≈
„Àâ§π∑—Ë«‰ª„™â∫√‘°“√‰¥â ‰¡à·μà‡æ’¬ß∫“ߧπ∑’Ë¡’‡ß‘πæÕ∑’Ë®–‡ªì𧫓¡ ‘∑∏‘∑’Ë®–ª√–°Õ∫

Õ“™’æμâÕ߉¥â√—∫√Ÿâ·≈–§ÿ⡧√Õß‚¥¬°ÆÀ¡“¬μ“¡∑”πÕßÀ≈—°Õ‘ √¿“æ ’Ëª√–°“√¢Õß
ª√–∏“π“∏‘∫¥’‚√ ‡«≈μå §◊ÕÕ‘ √–·Ààß°“√查 ·≈–°“√∂◊Õ»“ π“ Õ‘ √–®“°§«“¡¢—¥ π

·≈–Õ‘ √–®“°§«“¡°≈—«

(Û) „π¥â“πμÿ≈“°“√μâÕ߇ªìπÕ‘ √– «‘™“™’æ∑“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬μâÕ߇ªìπÕ‘ √–‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π
ª√“»®“°§«“¡À«—Ëπ‡°√ß«à“√—∞®–‡¢â“·∑√°·´ß°“√¥”‡π‘𧥒 ‰¡à∂Ÿ°μ—¥√“¬‰¥â ≈¥∞“π–

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°“√∑’Ë°ÆÀ¡“¬μâÕßÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„μâ Rule of Law π’È¡‘‰¥âÀ¡“¬§«“¡«à“®–„Àâ
(˜ˆ)
»“≈‰¡à√—∫√Ÿâ À√◊Õ‰¡à«‘π‘®©—¬μ“¡μ—«∫∑°ÆÀ¡“¬ positive law ∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà ¥—ß∑’ËÆ’°“∑’Ë

(˜ı)
Garnier p. 20
(˜ˆ)
Garnier p. 20