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∑—Ë«‰ª (reasonable medical practitioner) ®–·®âß¿“¬„μâ ∂“π°“√≥凥’¬«°—πÀ√◊Õ§≈⓬§≈÷ß
(ÚÚ) (ÚÛ)
°—π ªí®®ÿ∫—π ÚÛ √—∞ ®“° ı √—∞¢Õß À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“„™â¡“μ√∞“ππ’È

Ú. Material risk À√◊Õ reasonable patient standard ¡“μ√∞“π¢Õß°“√

·®âߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈¡“μ√∞“ππ’È ‰¡à‰¥âπ”·π«∑“ß∑’˪ؑ∫—μ‘°—π„π∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å (customary practice)

¡“æ‘®“√≥“ ·μà𔧫“¡®”‡ªìπ∑’ËμâÕß°“√√Ÿâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬¡“æ‘®“√≥“ ºŸâ‡¢’¬π¢Õ‡√’¬°
¡“μ√∞“ππ’È«à“ ç¡“μ√∞“π¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’‡Àμÿº≈é À≈—ß®“°∑’Ë»“≈Æ’°“¢Õß√—∞·§π´— μ—¥ ‘𧥒

Natanson ¡“·≈â« ÒÚ ªï »“≈Õÿ∑∏√≥å√–¥—∫ Àæ—π∏√—∞ (Federal) ¢Õß D.C. circuit (the

United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit) °≈—∫‡ÀÁπ«à“

‰¡à§«√ª≈àÕ¬„Àâ«ß°“√·æ∑¬åμ—¥ ‘π„®∑’Ë®–·®âßÀ√◊Õ‰¡à·®âߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈„¥·°àºŸâªÉ«¬ ´÷Ëß®–∑”„Àâ«ß°“√

·æ∑¬å≈–‡≈¬∑’Ë®–·®âߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈·°àºŸâªÉ«¬‰¥â ·æ∑¬å¡’Àπâ“∑’ËμâÕß·®âߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈§«“¡‡ ’ˬß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë
”§—≠ μàÕ§«“¡®”‡ªìπ¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬∑’ËμâÕß√Ÿâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ §«“¡‡ ’ˬ߮–‰¥â™◊ËÕ«à“ ”§—≠ °ÁμàÕ‡¡◊ËÕ ç∫ÿ§§≈

´÷Ëß·æ∑¬å√ŸâÀ√◊Õ§«√®–√Ÿâ«à“À“°Õ¬Ÿà„π¿“«–‡¥’¬«°—π°—∫ºŸâªÉ«¬ ®–„À⧫“¡ ”§—≠μàÕ§«“¡‡ ’ˬßπ—Èπ
(ÚÙ)
„πÕ—π∑’Ë®–μ—¥ ‘π„®‡¢â“√—∫°“√√—°…“À√◊ժؑ‡ ∏°“√√—°…“é ·μ໓≈¬—߇°√ß«à“¡“μ√∞“π„À¡àπ’È
®–°àÕ¿“√–·≈–§«“¡√—∫º‘¥„Àâ·°à·æ∑¬å‡°‘π ¡§«√®“°§«“¡μâÕß°“√√Ÿâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë·ª≈°ª√–À≈“¥

À√◊Õæ‘ ¥“√®“°ºŸâªÉ«¬∫“ß√“¬ »“≈®÷ß„™âºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’‡Àμÿº≈À√◊Õ reasonable patient ‡ªìπ‡°≥±å

‰¡à„™à‡Õ“§«“¡μâÕß°“√√Ÿâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–§π ´÷ËßÕ“®¡’∫“ߧπ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡·ª≈°À√◊Õ

æ‘ ¥“√¡“‡ªìπ‡°≥±å

Û. Subjective patient-based standard À√◊Õ¡“μ√∞“π¢Õßªí®‡®°ºŸâªÉ«¬

¡“μ√∞“ππ’È°”Àπ¥Àπâ“∑’Ë∑’Ë·æ∑¬å®–μâÕß·®âߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈·°àºŸâªÉ«¬ μ“¡§«“¡μâÕß°“√„π°“√
μ—¥ ‘π„®¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬·μà≈–§π ·¡â«à“§«“¡μâÕß°“√π—Èπ ºŸâªÉ«¬‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª∑’Ë°Õª√¥â«¬‡Àμÿº≈‰¡à‰¥â

Õ¬“°√ŸâÀ√◊Õ‡ÀÁπ«à“‡ªìπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¡à®”‡ªìπ ¡“μ√∞“ππ’È∂◊Õ«à“‡ªìπ¡“μ√∞“π∑’Ë„À⧫“¡§ÿ⡧√Õß

(ÚÚ)
Natanson v. Kline, 350 P.2d 1093, 1106 (Kan. 1960).
(ÚÛ)
David M. Studdert et al., Geographic Variation in Informed Consent Law: Two Standards
for Disclosure of Treatment Risks, 4 J. EMPIRICAL LEGAL STUD. 103, 105 (2007).
(ÚÙ)
Canterbury v. Spence, 464 F.Úd 787 (D.C. Cir. 1972).

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