Page 137 - 111111

¥ÿ≈æ“À

„πª√–‡∑» À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ ‡¡◊ËÕ°≈à“«∂÷ßÀ≈—°°“√‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡¬‘π¬Õ¡∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√
(ÒÚ)
∫Õ°°≈à“«π’È ¡—°¡’°“√Õâ“ß∂÷ߧ”°≈à“«¢ÕߺŸâæ‘æ“°…“Õ—π‡≈◊ËÕß™◊ËÕ Justice Cardozo ‡¡◊ËÕªï
§.». Ò˘ÒÙ ¢≥–¥”√ßμ”·ÀπàߺŸâæ‘æ“°…“»“≈Æ’°“¢Õß√—∞𑫬Õ√å°∑’Ë«à“ çEvery human being

of adult years and sound mind has a right to determine what shall be done

with his own body; and a surgeon who performs an operation without his
(ÒÛ)
patientûs consent commits an assault for which he is liable in damages. ´÷Ëß
·ª≈‡ªìπ¿“…“‰∑¬‰¥â«à“ ç¡πÿ…¬å∑ÿ°§π∑’Ë‚μ‡ªìπºŸâ„À≠à·≈–¡’®‘μ„®∑’Ë ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ¬àÕ¡¡’ ‘∑∏‘∑’Ë®–

μ—¥ ‘π„®«à“®–„Àâ∑”Õ–‰√μàÕ√à“ß°“¬¢Õ߇¢“‡Õß »—≈¬·æ∑¬å∑’˺à“μ—¥‚¥¬ª√“»®“°§«“¡

¬‘π¬Õ¡¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬ ‰¥â™◊ËÕ«à“°√–∑”≈–‡¡‘¥μàÕ√à“ß°“¬·≈–μâÕß√—∫º‘¥™¥„™â§à“‡ ’¬À“¬∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ

μàÕºŸâªÉ«¬é À≈—ß®“°ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“ Cardozo ‰¥âμ—¥ ‘𧥒¥—ß°≈à“«·≈â« ∂◊Õ«à“À≈—°‡√◊ËÕß Patient
Autonomy ‰¥âΩíß√“°≈÷°„π√–∫∫°ÆÀ¡“¬¢Õߪ√–‡∑» À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“®«∫®πªí®®ÿ∫—𠧫“¡

¬‘π¬Õ¡∑’ËμâÕ߉¥â√—∫®“°ºŸâªÉ«¬π’È ·μà‡¥‘¡‡ªìπ‡æ’¬ß§«“¡¬‘π¬Õ¡Õ¬à“ß∏√√¡¥“ (Simple

Consent) °≈à“«§◊Õ ‡æ’¬ßºŸâªÉ«¬∑√“∫«à“·æ∑¬å®–∑”Õ–‰√°—∫μπ‡Õß ‡™àπ ®–‡®“–™àÕߪե
À√◊Õ®–‡®“–™àÕß∑âÕß ·≈â«„À⧫“¡¬‘π¬Õ¡·°à·æ∑¬å°Á‡æ’¬ßæÕ·≈â« Õ’°∑—È߇Àμÿº≈∑’Ë»“≈°”Àπ¥

„Àâ·æ∑¬åμâÕ߉¥â√—∫§«“¡¬‘π¬Õ¡Õ¬à“ß∏√√¡¥“®“°ºŸâªÉ«¬ °Á‰¡à‰¥â‡ªìπ°“√√—∫√Õß ‘∑∏‘À√◊ÕÕ‘ √–

¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬„π°“√μ—¥ ‘π„®¥â«¬μπ‡Õß ·μ໓≈‡ÀÁπ«à“À“°·æ∑¬å·®âߺŸâªÉ«¬«à“®–∑”Õ–‰√

μàÕ√à“ß°“¬ºŸâªÉ«¬ °Á®–∑”„À⺟âªÉ«¬√à«¡¡◊Õ„π°“√√—°…“¡“°¢÷Èπ·≈–∑”„Àâ‚√§À“¬‡√Á«¢÷Èπ

´÷Ëß Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫À≈—° Patient Beneficence ¡“°°«à“ §√—Èπ‡¡◊ËÕªï §.». Ò˘ı˜ π—∫‡ªìπ§√—Èß·√°
∑’Ë«≈’«à“ 秫“¡¬‘π¬Õ¡∑’ˉ¥â√—∫°“√∫Õ°°≈à“«é À√◊Õ çInformed Consenté ª√“°Ø¢÷Èπ
(ÒÙ)
„π§”æ‘æ“°…“§¥’ Salgo ¢Õß»“≈Õÿ∑∏√≥å·Ààß√—∞·§≈‘‡øÕ√å‡π’¬ »“≈‰¥â¢¬“¬Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß

·æ∑¬å∑’ËμâÕ߉¥â√—∫§«“¡¬‘π¬Õ¡®“°§«“¡¬‘π¬Õ¡Õ¬à“ß∏√√¡¥“ ‡ªì𧫓¡¬‘π¬Õ¡¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬

(ÒÚ)
Benjamin Nathan Cardozo μàÕ¡“‰¥â¥”√ßμ”·ÀπàߺŸâæ‘æ“°…“»“≈Æ’°“¢Õߪ√–‡∑» À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“„πªï
§.». Ò˘ÛÚ ‡ªìπºŸâ«“ßÀ≈—°°ÆÀ¡“¬μ“¡§”æ‘æ“°…“À√◊Õ§Õ¡¡Õπ≈Õ«å¢Õߪ√–‡∑» À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“∑’Ë ”§—≠
„π§√‘ μå»μ«√√…∑’Ë Ú À≈“¬‡√◊ËÕß√«¡∑—È߇√◊ËÕß≈–‡¡‘¥.
(ÒÛ)
Schloendorff v. Society of New York Hospital, 105 N.E. 92, 93 (N.Y. 1914).
(ÒÙ)
JESSICA W. BERG ET AL., INFORMED CONSENT: LEGAL THEORY AND CLINICAL
PRACTICE 44 (2d ed. 2001).

126 ‡≈à¡∑’Ë Ú ªï∑’Ë ˆˆ
126
126
126
126