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די קרפ
th
םייח ץפח
Chafetz Chayim הרימשה תבוח סרטנוק .]הֵּמּקְַלדְִכוּ םירִָבְדּ תַאָנוֹא רוּסִּא .םיִמָדּ וֹל ןיֵאֶשׁ הָעָשְׁבּ ,חָקִּמַּה לַע ויָניֵע הֶלְתִי אלֹ ףַא :רֵמוֹא הָדוּהְי 'ר .םָלוֹעֵמ רַכָמ אלֶֹּשׁ ,וֹבּ ַעדֵוֹיְו ,הָאוּבְתּ רֵכוֹמ אוּהֶשׁ ,יִנוֹלְפּ לֶצֵא וּכְל ,רַמאֹי אלֹ ,וּנֶּמִּמ הָאוּבְתּ םיִשְׁקַּבְמ םירִָמַּח וּיָה
Kuntres Chovat HaShemirah הרימשה תבוח סרטנוק
14 chapter אי קרפ
th
things” means “verbal abuse” \ “verbal deceit” or perhaps only ,םיִצֵלַּה םִע רֵבַּחְתִה אלֹ םָלוֹעֵמוּ ,'וֹגְו םיִעָשׁרְ תַצֲעַבּ ךְַלָה
“monetary deceit?” When the text states (Vayikrah 25:14) “When
you shall sell merchandise to your fellow Jew or when you buy ,םיִמוּגְפּ אלְֹו םירִָשְׁי וּיְהִי וירָוּבִּדּ לָכְו ויָכרְָדּ לָכּ אָליֵמִּמוּ
merchandise from your fellow Jew” (and there the Torah also םָמוֹי הָּבּ תוֹגְּהַלְו 'ה תרַוֹתְל קֵבַּדְּתִהְל יוּארָ שׁיִאָה וֹתוֹא 6
commands us not to “abuse” \ oppress” a fellow Jew) the text
is describing “monetary abuse.” So then how do we explain the םָמוֹי הֶגְּהֶי וֹתרָוֹתְבוּ" :)'ב 'א םיִלִּהְתּ( בַתָכֶּשׁ הֶזְו .הָלְיַלָו
Lav of “One may not oppress \ abuse his fellow Jew?” That the ירְֵבִדִּמ רוּבִּדּ לָכּ יִכּ .תַחַא הָעָשׁ וּלִּפֲא לֵטָבִּי אלְֹו ,"הָלְיָלָו
text is describing “abusive” \ “oppressive speech.” For example,
if he was a Ba’al Teshuvah one may not say to him “Remember ירֲֵחַא ,ברָ זָפִּמוּ בָהָזִּמ דָמְחֶנְו דֹאְמ הֶלֲעַנ אוּה ,רֵבּדְַיֶּשׁ הרָוֹת
what you did in the past.” If he was the son of a convert, etc. If
he was a convert and has come to learn Torah, do not say to him וֹתוֹאְו .םָמְגָפְל אלֶֹּשְׁו םָלקְְלקְַל אלֶֹּשׁ וירָוּבִּדּ לַע ריִהָז אוּהֶשׁ
“The mouth that used to eat ‘Nevelot,” “Terefot,” “Shehkatzim” רֶתֶי ויָלָע םַיּקֻיִו ,םִיַמ יֵגְלַפּ לַע לוּתָשׁ ץֵעְכּ הֶיְהִי שׁיִאָה
and “Remasim” now wants to learn the Torah that was spoken
by the Almighty? (But if he continues now to eat “Nevelot” or :)'ד 'א םיִלִּהְתּ( םֵיַּסְמֶּשּׁ הַמוּ .םיִלִּהְתּ רֶפֵסְבּ רַמָאֶשׁ םירִָבְדַּה
“Terefot” or violates other Laveen that are well known by all ,םיִצֵלַּהְו םיִעָשׁרְָה וּנְיַה ,"'וֹגְו ץ ֹּמַכּ םִא יִכּ םיִעָשׁרְָה ןֵכ אלֹ"
of society to be forbidden, which means he obviously knows
what he is doing and he is purposefully transgressing them, this םַגּ םיִברְָעְתִמֶּשׁ ףַא ,תוּנָציֵלְו לֶבֶה ירְֵבדְִבּ דיִמָתּ םיקְִסוֹעֶשׁ
person has left the category of “your fellow Jew” and there is הֶזְו .ץֹמְכּ םיִבָשֱׁחֶנ םֵה ,תוּנָציֵלַּה ךְוֹתְבּ הרָוֹת ירְֵבִדּ ןֵכּ
no culpability for directing oppressive or deceitful language at
him). וּנְיַהְו ,"'וֹגְו וּמוּקָי אלֹ ןֵכּ לַע" :)'ה םָשׁ( בוּתָכַּה םֵיַּסְמֶּשׁ
If this person experiences suffering or (Gd forbid) buried his םירִָבְדַּה ךְוֹתְבּ םיִברְָעְתִמֶּשׁ ,הרָוֹתּ ירְֵבִדּ אָטוּעִמְדּ אָטוּעִמֶּשׁ
children, do not say to him the things that Eyov’s friends said to םָדָי לַע וּמוּקָיֶּשׁ ,הָשּׁדְֻקַּה ַח ֹּכ םֶהָל ןיֵא ,םֶהָלֶּשׁ םיִלקְָלקְֻמַה
Eyov (4:6-7) “Isn’t it that your fear of Gd was your foolishness
(that it was insincere and incomplete) and so too your hope (in Gd) .הֶז ליִבְשִׁבּ טָפְּשִׁמַּבּ
and your complete heart (i.e., your faith). Do you remember any
innocent person who ever perished? [Where have upright people
ever been annihilated]?” If camel drivers asked him for grain, do
not say to them ‘Go to Mr. So-and-So who is a grain merchant”
and you know that he never sold grain. Rebbe Yehudah said one
may not even gaze at objects that are for sale when you have
no money to buy them because this is known only to you (that
you have no money) and whenever there is an Aveirah that is
dependent on the intentions of your heart, the Torah specifically
says (Vayikrah 25:17) “you must fear Hashem your Gd.” (Please
see the following Hagahah).

173 176 די קרפ ."ךְָנֲא םייח ץפח הרימשה תבוח סרטנוק .'םיִיַּח ץֵפָח'ֶבּ רָאֹבְמַכּ .וּהוּרֲעַציִו וּהוּביִאְכַיֶּשׁ םירִָבְדּ לֵארְָשִׂיְל רַמאֹנ אלֶֹּשׁ ,רָבָדּ 42. Radak תוּליִכרְוּ ערָָה ןוֹשָׁל רוּסִּא ןַיְנִעְל וֹמְכוּ .וֹרֲעַצְל וֹתָנָוַּכּ םִא ,םירִָבְדּ תַאָנוֹאְדּ רוּסִּאָה ךְָיַּשׁ זֶמרְֶבּ וֹא בָתְכִבּ םַג