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Shemos—Yisro 18:1
Shemos—Yisro 18:14–17 æéYãé:çé åøúéZúåîù
14. When Moshe’s father-in-law saw í flÓLô ö¤Ñ³Òì ·êÐþÔiÔî .ð− YISRO åøúé
all that he did for the people, he said, þÓôêÒ†iÔîó¢Ö¼Öñí£ÓNÒ¼êe'í-þÓLÎê-ñÖk³§Ñê 18 1. Yisro heard— B·þгÌ−¼„ÔôÐLÌiÔî.ê çé
“What is this that you are doing for the people? ó flÖ¼Öñ ·íÓNÒ¼í¥ÖzÔêþ·ÓLÎê ·íÓfÔíþ¥ÖëÖcÔí-íÞÖô priest of Midian, Moshe’s father-in-law— í flÓLô ö¤Ñ³Òì ·öÖ−ÐðÌôö¥ÑíÒ×
Why are you sitting by yourself E flÓcÔëÐñ ·ëÑLB− í¥ÖzÔêÔ¼e†cÔô
and [letting] the people stand around you E−£ÓñÖ¼ë'ÖvÌòó§Ö¼Öí-ñÖ×Ðî AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
from morning until evening?” :ëÓþÞÖ¼-ðÔ¼þÓ šÒ'a-öÌô
[1] Yisro heard. .BøÀúÄéòÇîÀLÄiÇå [à]
15. Moshe said to his father-in-law, B¢òÐ³Ò ÞìÐñí£ÓLô þÓôêÒ'iÔî .î¬ What news had he heard [which inspired him] to come? ?êÖëe ¼ÔôÖLíÖ¼eôÐMíÔô
“Because the people come to me ó£Ö¼Öí−§ÔñÑêêÒ'ëÖ−-−ÞÌk [It was] the splitting of the Reed Sea ¹e½ óÔ−³Ô¼ÌþК
to seek [instruction from] God. :ó−ÞÌíGÍêL'þÐðÌñ and the war against Amaleik. 1 :šÑñÖôμ³ÓôÓìÐñÌôe
16. Whenever they have a problem, they come to me, − flÔñÑêê¤Öa ·þÖëÖcó¥ÓíÖñí·Ó−ÐíÞÌ−-−Ìk .ï¬ Yisro. .BøÀúÄé
He was called by seven names: :Bñ eêÐþКÌò ³BôÑL¼ÔëÓL
and I judge between man and his neighbor. eí¢Ñ¼Ñþö−¤Ñëe L−£Ìêö−'Ña− flÌzЬÔõ¤ÖLÐî
Re’uel, Yeser, Yisro, Chovov, Chever, Keini, Putiel. 2 ;ñÑê−̬et ,−ÌòÑš,þÓëÓì,ëÖëBì ,BþгÌ−,þÓ³Ó−,ñÑêe¼Ðþ
I impart to them God’s statutes and His laws.” :î−ÞÖ³ÒþB Þz-³ÓêÐîó−£ ÌíGÍêÞÖí−'ÑwŠì-³Óê−§ÌzмÔðB ÞíÐî
[He was called] þÓ³Ó−,(þÑzÌ−ÓL) because he was the cause of óÑLñÔ¼,þÓ³Ó−
17. Moshe’s father-in-law said to him, î−¢ÖñÑêí£ÓLô ö'ѳÒìþÓôêÒ§iÔî .ï− an additional parsha in the Torah: íÖþBzÔa³ÔìÔêíÖLÖþÖtþÑzÌiÓL
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA [viz.,] íÓïÓìÓ³íÖzÔêÐî—“You must seek out.” 3 ;"íÓïÍìÓ³íÖzÔêÐî,,
[He was called] BþгÌ− for when he became a proselyte þ−ÑiÔbгÌpÓLÐ×Ìñ ,BþгÌ−
he were involved in the study of Torah the entire day, ,óBiÔíñÖkíÖþBzÔašÑ½B¼ and fulfilled the mitzvos ,³BЮÌnÔí,óÑiÌšÐî
4
and as if he has become a participant with God í"ÖaÖwÔíÐñ¹ÖzeL íÖNμÔò el−ÌêÐ×e a letter was added to his name. ;BôÐLñÔ¼³ÔìÔê ³Bê Bñ eõ−̽Bí
in the work of creation, 70 ,³−ÌLêÑþÐëíÑNμÔôÐa [He was called] ëÑëBì (ëÑaÌìÓL) because he showed love ëÑaÌìÓLëÖëBì
about which it is said: 71 Ba þÔôÍêÓpÓL for the Torah. ;íÖþBzÔí³Óê
“It was evening, etc. [it was morning].” 72 :’BèÐîëÓþÓ¼−ÌíÐ−Ôî [The proof that] Chovov is Yisro is: BþÐ³Ì − êeí ëÖëBìÐî
[15] Because [the people] come. .àÉáÈé-ÞÄk [åè] for it is said: þÔôÍêÓpÓL
[êÒëÖ−−Ìk being the same as:] êÖë−Ìk 73 ,êÖë−ÌkBôÐk “—of the sons of Chovov, Moshe’s father-in-law.” 5 ,íÓLô öѳÒìëÖëBì −ÑòÐaÌn
in the present tense: [they come]. :íÓîBí öBLÐñ Others say that Re’uel was [actually] Yisro’s father. ,íÖ−ÖíBþгÌ−ñÓLî−ÌëÖêñÑêe¼Ðþó−ÌþÐôBê LÑ−Ðî
Then why does it say: þÑôBê eíÔôe
To seek [instruction from] God. .íéÞÄäGÁàLøÀãÄì
“They (Yisro’s daughters) came to their father, Re’uel?” 6 ,öÓí−ÌëÎêñÑêe¼ÐþñÓêíÖòêÒëÖzÔî
As Onkelos translates it: BôebÐþÔ³Ðk
This is because children call their grandfather, “father.” .êÖaÔêöÓí−ÌëÎê−ÌëÎêÔñö−ÌþBš ³BšBò−ÌzÔíÓL
öÔtÐñŠê¼ÔaгÌôÐñ—to seek instruction from God. :íÖþeëÐbÔí−ÌtÌô ðeôÐñÔz ñBêÐLÌñZöÔtÐñŠê¼ÔaгÌôÐñ
This is from Sifrei (Beha’aloscho 10, 29). :−ÑþÐõ̽Ða
[16] Whenever they have a problem, øÈáÈcíÆäÈìäÆéÀäÞÄé-éÄk [æè]
Moshe’s father-in-law. .äÆLî ïÅúÉç
they come. .àÈa
Here Yisro prides himself with Moshe, 7 ZíÓLôÐaðÑaÔkгÌôBþгÌ−íÖ−ÖíöêÖk
Whoever [of them] has any matter ,þÖëÖcÔíBñíÓ−ÐíÌiÓL−Ìô
[as if to say:] “I am the king’s father-in-law,” ,CÓñÓnÔíöѳBì −ÌòÎê
comes to me. :−ÖñÑêêÖa
whereas, in the past, Moshe would attribute íÓñB³ íÓLô íÖ−ÖíþÔëÖ¼ÓLÐñe
[17] Moshe’s father-in-law said. 74 .äÆLî ïÅúÉçøÆîàÉiÇå [æé]
the greatness [he attained] to his father-in-law, ,î−ÌôÖìÐaíÖleðÐbÔí
As a way to honor him, ðBëÖkCÓþÓc
as it is said: þÔôÍêÓpÓL
70 The breakdown of rule of law and order and corruption leads to the destruction of the world. Therefore a judge
who judges honestly and correctly helps maintain the world. (S.C.) 71 Bereishis 1, 5. 72 ëÓþÓ¼ÖíðÔ¼þÓšÒaÔíöÌô of this
words corresponds to þÓšÒë−ÌíÐ−ÔîëÓþÓ¼−ÌíÐ−Ôî at creation (Shabbos 10a, Mechilta). 73 êÒëÖ− is literally in the future tense— 1 Mechilta, Zevachim 116a. 2 Mechilta. 3 The name given to the section of the Torah that records Yisro’s proposal
“will come.” But this cannot be the case because Moshe would not be there all day unless they had already come. for setting up a justice system, beginning with verse 13. 4 The letter ’î. 5 Shoftim 4, 11. 6 Above, 2, 18, thereby
(S.C.) 74 Why not just “his father-in-law” as in verse 15. implying that Reuel and Yisro are one and the same! 7 I.e., with the fact that he is Moshe’s father-in-law.