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[259] Shemos—Yisro 20:4–6 åYã:ë åøúéZúåîù 9 SHMOT Shemos—Yisro 20:18–19 èéYçé:ë åøúéZúåîù [266]
or on the earth below, ³Ôì¢ÖzÌô±Óþ£ÖêÖaþ'ÓLÎêÞÔî 18. The people stood far off. š¢ÒìÖþÞÑôó£Ö¼ÖíðÒ 'ôμÞÔiÔî .ì−
or in the water below the earth. :±ÓþÞÖêÖñ³Ôì'ÔzÌôóÌ−£ÔnÔaþ'ÓLÎêÞÔî Moshe drew near to the dense cloud ñ flÓõÖþμÞÖí-ñÓêL¤ÔbÌò ·íÓLôe
5. You must not prostrate yourself to them, ó£ÓíÖñí'ÓîÎìÞÔzÐL̳-ê ÞG.í where [the Divine Presence of] God was. ô :ó−ÞÌíGÍêÞÖíó£ÖL-þÓLÎê
and you must not worship them. ó¢ÑðÐëÖ¼ÞÖ³êÕ¤ñÐî Maftir øéèôî
For I, Adonoy your God, am a jealous Almighty. êflÖpÔšñ¤Ñê ·E−·ÓíGÍêíÒ¥ÖîíÐ−−„Ì×ÒòÞÖê−¤Ìk 19. Adonoy said to Moshe, í flÓLô-ñÓê ·íÒÖîíÐ−þÓôêÒ¥iÔî .¬−
I am cognizant of the sins of fathers for [their] children, ó−§ÌòÖa-ñÔ¼³Ò«ëÖêö·Bμð…ÑšÒt… “This is what you must say to the Bnei Yisrael. ñ¢ÑêÖþÐNÌ−−¤ÑòÐa-ñÓêþ£ÔôêÒ³íÒ'k
to the third and fourth [generations] of My enemies. :−ÞÖêÐò ÞNÐñó−£Ì¼ÑaÌþ-ñÔ¼Ðîó−'ÌLÑlÌL-ñÔ¼ ‘You have seen ó flÓ³−ÌêÐþó¤ÓzÔê
6. But I do [acts of] loving kindness ðÓ½£ÓìíÓNÒ'¼Ðî.î that I have spoken to you from heaven. :óÞÓ×Ön̼−Ì zÐþ£ÔaÌcóÌ− flÔôÖMÔí-öÌô−Ìkƒ
for thousands [of generations] ó−¢ÌõÖñÎêÞÔñ
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
tothosewholoveMeandpreserveMycommandments. ô :−ÞÖ³BЮÌô−'ÑþÐôÒ ÞLÐñe −£ÔëÎíÒ ÞêÐñ
[18] Drew near to the dense cloud— .ìÆôÈøÂòÞÈä-ìÆàLÇbÄð [çé]
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA within the three barriers— ,³B®−ÌìÐôLñÖMÌôó−ÌòÐõÌñ
darkness, clouds, and the dense cloud, 90 ,ñÓõÖþμÔîöÖòÖ¼CÓLì
[5] A jealous Almighty. 37 .àÈpÇ÷ìÅà [ä] as it is said: “The mountain was engulfed in flame LÑêÖaþѼÒaþÖíÖíÐîþÔôÍêÓpÓL
He is jealous to exact punishment ,¼ÔþÖt−ÌñêÑpÔšÐô until the very middle of the heavens óÌ−ÔôÖMÔíëÑñðÔ¼
and does not act leniently B³Öc−ÌôñÔ¼þÑëB¼ Bò−ÑêÐî with darkness, clouds, and dense cloud.” 91 ;ñÓõÖþμÔîöÖòÖ¼CÓLì
by forgiving the sin of idolatry. 38 ;ó−Ìñ−ÌñÍê³ÔðBëμñÔ¼ ñBìÐôÌñ ñÓõÖþμ is the öÖòÖ¼ÓíëÔ¼ (thick cloud) ,öÖòÖ¼ÓíëÔ¼ êeí ñÓõÖþμ
Wherever the term êÖpÔš [appears] êÖpÔš öBLÖññÖk of which He said to him (Moshe): ,Bñ þÔôÖêÓL
it is enprenment in Old French—“ jealousy,” ZïÔ¼ÔñÐa ¬òô"−þõòê “Behold I will come to you E−ÓñÑêêÖa−Ì×ÒòÖêíÑpÌí
[meaning] He directs His attention to exact punishment. :¼ÔþÖt−ÌñëÑñöѳBò (öÖòÖ¼ÓíëÔ¼Ða) in the thickness of the cloud.” 92 :öÖòÖ¼ÓíëÔ¼Ða
Of My enemies. 39 .éÞÈàÀðÉ ÞNÀì [19] This is what you must say. .øÇîàÉúäÉk [èé]
As Onkelos explains it— ,BôebÐþÔ³Ðk In this language (Hebrew). 93 94 :íÓfÔí öBLÖlÔa
when they (the children) retain ö−ÌïÎìBêÓLÐk You have seen. .íÆúéÄàÀøíÆzÇà
in their hands the deeds of their fathers. 40 41 :óÓí−Ñð−ÌaóÓí−ѳBëÎêíÑNμÔô There is a difference between what a person sees íÓêBþ óÖðÖêÓMíÔôö−ÑaLÑþÐõÓíLÑ−
[6] Who stores the lovingkindness— 42 .ãÆñÆçøÅöBðÀå [å] and what others tell him, ,Bñ ö−Ìì−ÌNÐôó−ÌþÑìÎêÓMíÔôÐñ
that a person does, in order to reward him, þÖ×ÖNóÑlÔLÐñ,íÓNB¼ óÖðÖêÓL for regarding what others tell him ,Bñ ö−Ìì−ÌNÐôó−ÌþÑìÎêÓMíÔnÓL
for two thousand generations. ;þBc óÌ−ÔtÐñÔêÐñðÔ¼ his heart is sometimes divided šeñÖì BaÌlÓLó−ÌôÖ¼Ðt
Consequently [God’s] measure for reward íÖëB¬ íÖcÌô³êÑ®ÐôÌò as to whether [or not] to believe it. 95 :ö−ÌôÎêÔíÐlÌô
is greater than His measure for punishment ³eòÖ¼Ðþet ³ÔcÌôñÔ¼íÖþ−ѳÐ− That I have spoken from heaven. .éÄzÀøÇaÄcíÄéÇîÈMÇä-ïÄîéÄk
by five hundred times, ,³BêÑôLÑôÎìñÔ¼³ÔìÔê But another verse says: ,þÑôBê ðÖìÓê ëe³Ö×Ðî
because one is for four generations ³BþBð íÖ¼ÖaÐþÔêÐñBfÓL “And God descended upon Mount Sinai.” 96 ,−Ôò−ÌqþÔíñÔ¼’íðÓþÑiÔî
and the other for two thousand [generations]. 43 :óÌ−ÖtÐñÔêÐñBïÐî Therefore a third verse comes −ÌL−ÌñÐMÔí ëe³ÖkÔíêÖa
and balances between them: ,óÓí−Ñò−ÑaÔ¼−ÌþÐ×ÌíÐî
“From the heavens He made you hear His voice BñBš ³ÓêEμ−ÌôÐ LÌíóÌ−ÔôÖMÔíöÌô
37 It is obviously wrong to attribute jealousy—a common human frailty—to God. Rashi, therefore, explains it in a
in order to reprimand you ÖjÓþÐqÔ−Ðñ
different sense. (D.T.) 38 Ibid. 39 Elsewhere the Torah tells us: ³BëÖêñÔ¼e³Ðôe− êG ó−ÌòÖëe (paraphrased from Devarim
24, 16)—“ sons will not die for the sins of their fathers.” Here the Torah indicates otherwise! (S.C.) 40 I.e., when
they follow in the footsteps of their fathers. 41 Sanhedrin 27b. 42 The text in our verse reads ðÓ½ÓìíÓNB¼Ðî, whereas 90 Each barrier more formidable than the prior one. (Rashi Devarim 4, 11). 91 Devarim 4, 11. 92 Above, 19, 9.
ðÓ½ÓìþÑ®Bò is from below, 34, 7. Some suggest that ðÓ½ÓìþÑ®Bò here is a typographical error and should instead read íÓNÒ¼Ðî 93 See Rashi above, 19, 3. 94 Mechilta. 95 Ibid. 96 Above, 19, 20, which seems to indicate that God spoke from
ðÓ½Óì. (M.Y.) 43 Tosefta Sotah 3, 4. Mount Sinai and not from heaven!