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[311] Shemos—Mishpatim 21:36–37 æìYåì:àë íéèôùîZúåîù Shemos—Mishpatim 23:11–12 áéYàé:âë íéèôùîZúåîù [342]

The dead [animal] ³£ÑnÔíÐî Do the same with your vineyard and your olive [trees]. :EÞÓ³−ÑïÐñ £EÐôÐþÔ×Ðñí'ÓNμÞÔz-öÞÑk
remains in the possession [of its owner]. ô :B Þl-íÓ−ÐíÞÌ− 12. You may do your work six days, E− flÓNμÞÔôí¤ÓNμÞÔz ·ó−ÌôÖ−³ÓL¥ÑL .ë−
37. If a man steals an ox or a sheep, í flÓN-Bê þB ¤L ·L−Ìê-ëÒÞòÐèÌ−−¥Ìk .ïñ but on the seventh day you must cease; ³¢ÒaÐLÌz−£Ì¼−ÌëÐMÔíóB'iÔëe
and then slaughters or sells it, B¢þÖ×ÐôB¤êB£ìÖëЬe so that your ox and your donkey may rest, E flÓþÒôÎìÞÔî ·EÐþB ÞLÔìe†òÖ−öÔ¼¤ÔôÐñ
he must pay five oxen for each ox, þB flMÔí³Ôì¤Ôz ·óÑlÔLÐ−þ†ÖšÖëí¤ÖMÌôÎì
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and four sheep for each sheep. :íÞÓOÔí³Ôì'ÔzöêÒ£®-¼ÔaÐþÔêÐî AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA to the food of the wild beast. ,íÖiÔìñÔ×ÎêÔôÐñ
Just as the wild beast eats without tithing ,þÑNμÔôêGÐa³ÓñÓ×Bê íÖiÔìíÔô
The dead animal shall be his. .B Þl-äÆéÀäÞÄéúÅnÇäÀå so, too, do the poor eat without tithing. ;þÑNμÔôêGÐa ó−ÌñÐ×Bê ó−ÌòB−ÐëÓê¹Ôê
[I.e., shall belong] to the damaged party, .šÖf−ÌpÔñ It is from here that they (the Sages) stated ,eþÐôÖêöêÖkÌô
that there is no obligation to tithe þÑNμÔôö−Ñê
and the one causing the damage shall add to it š−ÌfÔnÔí ó−ÌñÐLÔ− î−ÖñÖ¼Ðî
during the seventh year. 36 :³−̼−ÌëÐMÔa
until the damaged party will have been compensated šÖf−ÌòóÑlÔzÐLÌiÓLðÔ¼
for his full damages. 262 :BšÐïÌòñÖk Do the same with your vineyard. 37 .EÀîÀøÇëÀìäÆNÂòÞÇz-ïÞÅk
[37] Five oxen, etc. .'åâå øÈ÷ÈáäÈMÄîÂç [æì] But the beginning of the verse [dÖzÐLÔ¬Ðòe íÖpÓ¬ÐôÐLÌz] êÖþКÌnÔí³ÔlÌìгe
Said Rabbon Yochanan ben Zakkai: ,−êÔkÔïöÓaöÖòÖìB− öÖaÔþþÔôÖê deals with a grain-field, 38 ,öÖëÖlÔííÑðÐNÌaþÑaÔðÐô
God respects the honor of his creatures: Z ³BiÌþÐañÓLöÖðBëÐkñÔ¼ óBšÖnÔí½Öì as it says, preceding that: ,epÓô−ÑííÖñмÔôÐñ þeôÖêÓLBôÐk
“You may sow your land.” 39 :EÓ®ÐþÔê³Óê¼ÔþÐïÌz
An ox, which walks on its own legs, î−ÖñÐèÔþÐaCÑñBíÓL þBL
[when it is stolen] and the thief was not demeaned ëÖpÔbÔíBëíÖfÔaгÌòêGÐî [12] But on the seventh day you must cease. 40 .úÉaÀLÄzéÄòéÄáÀMÇä íBiÇáe [áé]
by having to carry it on his shoulders, ,BõѳÐkñÔ¼BêÐNBòÐñ Even during the shemittah-year ³−̼−ÌëÐMÔííÖòÖMÔa¹Ôê
he must pay back fivefold. ;íÖMÌôÎìóÑlÔLÐô do not cancel the weekly Shabbos ³−ÌLêÑþÐa³ÖaÔLþњּѳêG
[Whereas, if he steals] a sheep, íÓN from its rightful place. ,dÖôBšÐnÌô
which he has to carry on his shoulders, ,BõѳÐkñÔ¼BêÐNBpÓL Do not say that since the entire year is called Shabbos ³ÖaÔLíÖ−eþКíÖòÖMÔíñÖ×Ðîñ−ÌêBí ,þÔôêÒ³êHÓL
he must pay [only] fourfold, íÖ¼ÖaÐþÔêóÑlÔLÐô there is no need for you to observe íÖaèÔíÐò̳êG
since he was demeaned in the process. .Bë íÖfÔaгÌòÐîñ−ÌêBí the weekly Shabbos. 41 42 :³−ÌLêÑþÐa³ÖaÔL
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Said Rabbi Meir: ,þ−ÌêÑô−ÌaÔþþÔôÖê So that your ox and your donkey may rest. .EÆøÉîÂçÞÇåEÀøB ÞLÇçeðÈéïÇòÇîÀì
Come and see how great is the power of work: ZíÖ×êÖñÐôñÓLdÖìÒk ñBðÖèíÖnÔkíÑêÐþe êBa [Meaning:] allow it to relax, permitting it þ−ÌzÔíÐñ ,ì−Ö−ÐòBñöÑz
[The thief, who by stealing] an ox, kept it from its work, ,BzÐ×êÔñÐnÌôBñÐhÌaÓL þBL to tear up and eat the grass from the ground. 43 ;¼ÔšÐþÔwÔíöÌôó−ÌëÖNμñÑ×BêÐîLÑñB³ êÑíÐiÓL
must pay five fold. ;íÖMÌ ôÎì Or perhaps this is not so, Bò−ÑêBê
[whereas, if he steals] a sheep, íÓN but rather he must tie it within the house. ?³Ì−ÔaÔí CB³ÐëepÓLÐaÐìÔ−êÖlÓê
whereby he did not keep it from its work, ,BzÐ×êÔñÐnÌôBñÐhÌaêHÓL
[he pays only] fourfold. 263 :íÖ¼ÖaÐþÔê
36 Mechilta. 37 Is the vineyard not included in dÖzÐLÔ¬Ðòe íÖpÓ¬ÐôÐLÌz—“ You shall let it rest and abandon it”?! 38 −ÑðÐN
For each ox ....for each sheep. .äÞÆOÇäúÇçÇz ,øBMÇäúÇçÇz
öÖëÖlÔí, lit. a “white field,” so called because the grain turns bright (or white) as it ripens. Also, because it is entirely
The Torah repeats them, (i.e., þBL and íÓN) ,ëe³ÖkÔíöÖêÖòÐL covered by sunlight, having no shady areas, since there are no trees. An orchard or any field of trees is called a íÑðÐN
to indicate that the payments of four or five fold íÖMÌôÎìÔîíÖ¼ÖaÐþÔê−ÑôeñÐLÔz³ÔcÌôö−ÑêÓLþÔôBñ öÖñ−Ìê. 39 Above, v. 10. Therefore the prohibition at the beginning of the verse only included things that are sown,
i.e., grains and vegetables. Now fruits, too, are added to the prohibition. 40 What is the connection between the
apply only to an ox or a sheep. :ðÖëÐñÌëíÓNÖî þBLÐëêÖlÓê³ÓèÓíBò
prohibition against working on Shabbos and shemittah? 41 You might mistakenly think that since both, the weekly
Shabbos and the Shabbos-year of shemittah represent God’s creating of the world, observing the weekly Shabbos is
superfluous. Therefore the Torah makes it clear that this is not so. (Malbim) 42 Mechilta. 43 ÔìeòÖ−—“ rest,” here
262 Bava Kamma 53b. 263 Mechilta; Bava Kamma 79b. should not be construed as not allowing the animal to do íÖ×êÖñÐô—“ labors prohibited to man on Shabbos.”

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