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[551] Bereishis—Vayechi 49:16–17 :èî éçéåZúéùàøá
Ä
ãçàå älbä ïéîéî ãçà äéìò íéúéæ íéðLe :dLàø-ìòÇÊÈÍÀÇ ‡ ÄÅÄÈÆÈÆÈ‘ÄÄ†ÇËÈÀÆÈ ék éa íéòLtä íéLðàä éøâôa eàøå eàöéå :äåäéÀÉÈÍÀÈÍÀ†ÀÈÀÄÀÅ‘ÈÍÂÈÄ
Ç Í À Ä
Ä †
16. Dan will judge his people, B¢nÔ¼ö−¤ÌðÖ−ö£Öc .ï¬ øîàì éa øácä Càìnä-ìà øîàå ïòàå :dìàîN-ìòÇÀÊÈÍÈÇ’Ç‘ÈÍÊÇÆÇÇÀÈ … ïBàøã eéäå äaëú àG íMàå úeîú àG ízòìBúÍÇÀÈ•†ÈÀÄÈ‘†ÄÀÆÀÈ‡ÅÍÈ
Ç Ê Å ‡
Å
Ê
Ä
as one of the tribes of Israel. :ñÞÑêÖþÐNÌ−−'Ñ¬ÐëÌLð£ÔìÔêÐk éìà øîàiå éa øácä Càìnä ïòiå :éðãà älà-äîÈÅÆÂÊÄÍ˜ÇÇ˜ÇÇÇÀÈ•ÇÊÅ‡Ä‘Ç†ÊÆÅÇ BzaLa úaL écîe BLãça Lãç-écî äéäå :øNa-ìëìÀÈÈÈÍÀÈÈÄÅ’ÊÆÀÈÀ ‘
Ç È
À Ç Ç
Ä Å ‡
17. Dan will be a serpent on the road, CÓþ ﬂÓð-−ÑñÎ¼L¤ÖìÖò·öÖð-−ÌíÐ− .ï− øîàiå ïòiå :éðãà àG øîàå älà änä-äî zòãé àBìäÂ‡ÈÇÀÈÈÅ†ÈÅÆÈÍÊÇ‡Â ÊÄÍÇÇ“ÇÇƒÊÆ :äåäé øîà éðôì úåçzLäì øNa-ìë àBáéÈ‰ÈÈÈ…ÀÄÀÇÍÂ‡ÊÀÈÇÈÇ‡À ÉÈÍ
a viper on the path, ìÔþ¢Òê-−ÑñÎ¼ö£Òõ−ÌõÐL ìéçá àG øîàì ìáaøæ-ìà äåäé-øác äæ øîàì éìàÅÇ‘ÅÊ „ ÆÀÇÀÉÈÆÀËÈÆÅÊƒÀÇ’Ä ‘
äzà-éî :úBàáö äåäé øîà éçeøa-íà ék çëá àGåÀ†ÀÊÇÄ†ÄÀÄÈÇÀÉÈ‡ÀÈÍÄÍÇÈ‰
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùøAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ïáàä-úà àéöBäå øBLéîÄÀÄ‘ÆÈÆ†Æ ì ìáaøæ éðôì ìBãbä-øäÇÍÇÈ…ÄÀÅ‡ÀËÈÆÀ äëåðç ìù äðåùàø úáùì äøèôä
È Í
Å
Å ‡
À Ë
to know what Yisrael ought to do, ñÑêÖþÐNÌ−íÓNÎ¼ÔiíÔô³Ô¼ÔðÖñ BERESHIT :dì ïç | ïç úBàLz äLàøäÈÍÊÈ 'á ïîéñ äéøëæá
their heads were two hundred”— 121 ,óÌ−Ô³êÖôóÓí−ÑLêÖþ -íàð CëBúá ézðëLå àá-éððä ék ïBiö-úa éçîNå épøÈÄ‡ÀÄÀÄÇÄÄ‰ÄÀÄÈ…ÀÈÍÇÀÄ‡ÀÅÀË
[referring to] the two hundred heads of the Sanhedrin ³BêÖþÐðÓíÐòÔ½−ÑLêÖþóÌ−Ô³êÖô
éì eéäå àeää íBia äåäé-ìà íéaø íéBâ eåìðå :äåäéÀÉÈÍÀÄÀ—Ä’ÇÄƒÆÀÈÊ‘Ç†ÇÀÈ‡Ä
that he [Yissachar] provided. ,ð−ÌôÍ¼Óí äëåðç ìù äéðù úáùì äøèôä éðçìL úBàáö äåäé-ék zòÇÀÄÍÀÉÈ‡ÀÈÀÈÇ ‡ Ä ãéå CëBúá ézðëLå íòìÀÈÀÈÍÇÀÄ†ÀÅÀÈÇ
“And all their brothers were at their command.” 122 :óÓí−ÌtñÔ¼óÓí−ÑìÎêñÖ×Ðî
'æ ïîéñ 'à íéëìîá Lãwä úîãà ìò B÷ìç äãeäé-úà äåäé ìçðå :CéìàÅÈÍÄÀÈÇ’ÀÉÈƒÆÀÈ‘ÆÀÇÇÀÇ†ÇÊÆ
He bent his shoulder. .BîÀëÄLèÅiÇå .ùãç øçî úøèôäå ùãç ùàøå úáù úøèôä éðôî úçãð øBòð ék äåäé éðtî øNa-ìk ñä :íìLeøéa ãBò øçáeÈÇ‡ÄÍÈÈÍÄÇ‡ÈÈÈÄÀÅ†ÀÉÈÄ‡Å
[Meaning:] he lowered his shoulder, ,BôÐ×ÌL ñ−ÌtÐLÌí Ê Å Ç È
úB÷øænä-úàå íéòiä-úàå úBøikä-úà íBøéç NòiåÇÇ † ÇÄÆÇ’ÄÊÀÆÇÈÄÀÆÇÄÀÈ ãîò ìBãbä ïäkä òLåäé-úà éðàøiå :BLã÷ ïBònîÄÀ‡ÈÀÍÇÇÀÅÄÆÀÉË ’ Ç‘ÇÊÅ †
as in óÌ−ÔôÖL¬ÑiÔî—“He lowered the heavens,” 123 ,óÌ−ÔôÖL¬ÑiÔî :BôÐk
Ç
Ê Å ‡
Ç É‘ Æ
À Ä
À Ä À Í
äNò øLà äëàìnä-ìk-úà úBNòì íøéç ìëéåÇÀÇ†ÄÈÇÍÂ‘ÆÈÇÀÈÈÂÆ‡ÈÈ… øîàiå :BðèNì Bðéîé-ìò ãîò ïèOäå äåäé Càìî éðôìÄÀÅÇÀÇ † ÀÉÈÀÇÈÈ …
[or as in] óÓ×−ÑòÐïÖêe¬Îí—“Incline your ears.” 124 .óÓ×ÐòÐïÖêehÔí Ea äåäé øòâéå ïèOä Ea äåäé øòâé ïèOä-ìà äåäéÀÉÈ“ÆÇÈÈÄÀÇ’ÀÉÈƒÀ‘ÇÈÈÀÄÀÇƒÀÈÊ‘À
Onkelos translates it in another manner: :ó−ÌþÑìÎêó−ÌòÖõÐaBôÐbÐþ−Ìz ½eñÐšÐòeêÐî úøúkä úHâå íéðL íéãnò :äåäé úéa äîGL CìnÆ‡ÆÀÊÅ‡ÀÉÈÍÇËÄ†ÀÇÄÀË‰ÇÍÊÈ…Ê ìÇ
äéä òLåäéå :Làî ìvî ãeà äæ àBìä íìLeøéa øçaäÇÊÅÄÍÈÈÄÂ‰ÆˆËÈ‡ÅÅÍÄÍÉË ÇÈÈ‡
“He lowered his shoulder” to wage wars ³BôÖìÐñÌôñÒaÐ½ÌñBôÐ×ÌL¬ÑiÔî íézL úBëáOäå íézL íéãenòä Làø-ìò-øLàÂÆÇ‡ÊÈÍÇÄÀÈÄÀÇÀÈ†ÀÇÄ øîàiå ïòiå :Càìnä éðôì ãîòå íéàBö íéãâa LáìÈËÀÈÄ†ÄÀÊÅÄÀÅ‡ÇÇÀÈÍÇÇ † ÇÇÊÆ
and to capture territories, ,³BïBìÐô LBaÐ×ÌñÐî Làø-ìò øLà úøúkä úBlb ézL-úà úBqëìÀÇÆÀÅ‘Ë†ÇÍÊÈÊÂÆÇ‡Ê
íéàvä íéãâaä eøéñä øîàì åéðôì íéãîòä-ìàÆÈÍÊÀÄƒÀÈÈ‘ÅÊÈÄ…ÇÀÈÄ‡ÇÊÄ
for they reside on the frontier ,þÖõÐqÔíñÔ¼ó−Ì ëÐLB− óÑíÓL úBëáOä ézLì úBàî òaøà íéðnøä-úàå :íéãenòäÈÍÇÄÍÀÆÈÍÄÊÄ…ÇÀÇ‡ÅÄÀÅ†ÇÀÈ
Laìäå EðBò Eéìòî ézøáòä äàø åéìà øîàiå åéìòîÅÍÈÈÇ†ÊÆÅÈÀÅ’ÆÍÁÇ ƒ ÀÄÅÍÈÆ’‘ÂÆÀÇÀÅ‡
and the enemy was subjugated to him î−ÖzÐìÔz LeëÖkëÑ−BêÖííÓ−ÐíÌ−Ðî ézL-úà úBqëì úçàä äëáOì íéðnø íéøeè-éðLÀÅÍÄƒÄÊÄ‘ÇÀÈÈ†ÈÍÆÈÀÇÆÀÅ ‘
BLàø-ìò øBäè óéðö eîéNé øîàå :úBöìçî EúàÍÊÀÇÍÂÈÍÈÍÊÇÈÄ…ÈÄ‡ÈÇÊ
as a servant who pays tribute. :ðÑëÒ¼½ÔôÐñ úBðënä-úàå :íéãenòä éðt-ìò øLà úøúkä úBlbË†ÇÍÊÈÊÂÆÇÀÅ‡ÈÍÇÄÍÀÆÇÀÊ
íéãâa eäLaìiå BLàø-ìò øBähä óéðvä eîéNiåÇÈÄ—’ Ç Ç À Ä Ë Ê Ç Ç È “ Ç È Ä’ —
‘ À È Ä
[16] Dan will judge his people. 125 .BnÇòïéÄãÈéïÈc [æè] íiä-úàå :úBðënä-ìò äøNò úøikä-úàå øNòÈÆÀÆÇÄ Ê‡ÊÂÈÈÇÇÀÊÍÀÆÇÈ
ÄÍ É Ë Ç
Í Ê
Å
À ÉÈ
:øîàì òLåäéa äåäé Càìî ãòiå :ãîò äåäé CàìîeÇÀÇ ‡† Ç È’ Ç ‘ Ç À Ç Ê Å Í À ÉÈ
[Meaning:] he will avenge his people from the Philistines, ,ó−ÌzÐLÌñÐtÌôBnÔ¼³ÔôÐšÌò óBšÐòÌ− úBøéqä-úàå :íiä úçz øNò-íéðL ø÷aä-úàå ãçàäÈÍÆÈÀÆÇÈÈ ‡
Ç Ä ’
È È
À Å Í
Ç ‡ Ç
Ç È Í
À Æ
as in: “For God will avenge [ö−ÌðÖ−] His people.” 126 :BnÔ¼’íö−ÌðÖ−−Ìk :BôÐk älàä íéìkä-ìk úàå úB÷øænä-úàå íéòiä-úàåÀÆÇÈÄ“ÀÆÇÄÀÈÀÅ‘ÈÇÅÄ†ÈÅÆœ -úà íàå Cìz éëøãa-íà úBàáö äåäé øîà-äkÍÊÈÇ•ÀÉÈ†ÀÈÄÄÀÈÇƒÅÅ‘ÀÄ†Æ
øîLz íâå éúéa-úà ïéãz äzà-íâå øîLú ézøîLîÄÀÇÀÄ†ÄÀÊÀÇÇÈ‘ÈÄ†ÆÅÄÀÇÄÀ†Ê
As one of the tribes of Israel. .ìÅàÈøÀNÄééÅèÀáÄLãÇçÇàÀk úLçð äåäé úéa äîGL CìnÇÆ‡ÆÀÊÅ†ÀÉÈÀÆ ì íøéç äNò øLàÂÆ ’
È È ‡
Ä È …
[Meaning:] all the tribes of Israel will be as one with him, ,BnÌ¼ðÖìÓêÐ×e−ÐíÌ−ñÑêÖþÐNÌ−ñÖk äîãàä äáòîa Cìnä í÷öé ïcøiä økëa :èøîîÀÊÈÍÀÄÇƒÇÇÀÅ‘ÀÈÃ†ÇÆÆÀÇÍÂÅÈÍÂÈÈ :älàä íéãîòä ïéa íéëìäî Eì ézúðå éøöç-úàÆÂÅÈÀÈÍÇÄƒÀ‘ÇÀÀ ÄÅ‡ÈÍÊÀÄÈÅÍÆ ‘ Ç Í À Ä † Ç È ‘ À Å Æ’ Ç È
íéáLiä Eéòøå äzà ìBãbä ïäkä | òLåäé àð-òîLÀÍÇÈ•ÀÉË†ÇÇÊÅ †
and he will avenge them all. ,ö−ÌðÖ−óÖlek ³ÓêÐî
íéìkä-ìk-úà äîGL çpiå :ïúøö ïéáe úBkñ ïéaÅ‡ËÅ‡ÈÍÀÈÍÇÇÇƒÀÊ‘ÆÈÇÅÄ écáò-úà àéáî éððä-ék änä úôBî éLðà-ék EéðôìÀÈÆÄÍÇÀÅ‡ÅÅÈÄÍÄÀÄ‡ÅÄ…ÆÇÀÄ
It is about Shimshon that he prophesied this prophecy. 127 .Bï íÖêeëÐòêÖaÌò öBLÐôÌLñÔ¼Ðî
Ç Ç † Ç
Ç À Í Æ
Nòiå :úLçpä ì÷Lî ø÷çð àG ãàî ãàî áøîÅÊÀ†ÊÀÊ‡ÆÀÇÄÀÇ ‡ ïáà-ìò òLåäé éðôì ézúð øLà ïáàä äpä | ék :çîöÆÍÇÄ†ÄÅ†ÈÆÆÂÆƒÈÇ’Ä‘ÄÀÅ†ÀÉË ÇÇÆ‡Æ
There is a possible alternate explanation of ZLÑþÖõÐñLÑ− ðB¼Ðî
çaæî úà äåäé úéa øLà íéìkä-ìk úà äîGLÀÊ„ÅÈÇÅÄÂÆÅ†ÀÉÈ„ÅÄÀÇ† úBàáö äåäé íàð dçzt çzôî éððä íéðéò äòáL úçàÇÇÄÀÈ†ÅÈ ÄÄÀÄ‰ÀÇÅ†ÇÄËÈÀË‘ÀÉÈ†ÀÈ
ñÑêÖþÐNÌ−−Ñ¬ÐëÌLðÔìÔêÐk—[Dan will avenge his people] ,ñÑêÖþÐNÌ−−Ñ¬ÐëÌLðÔìÔêÐk
:áäæ íéðtä íçì åéìò øLà ïçìMä-úàå áäfäÇÈÈÀÆÇËÀÈÂÆ‡ÈÈ…Æ‡ÆÇÈÄÈÈÍ àeää íBia :ãçà íBéa àéää-õøàä ïåò-úà ézLîeÇÀÄ…ÆÂ‡ÊÈÈÍÆÇÄÀ‡ÆÈÍÇ†Ç
as did the distinguished one of the tribes— ,ó−Ì¬ÖëÐMÔaÓLðÖìe−ÐôÌk
éðôì ìàîOî Lîçå ïéîiî Lîç úBøðnä-úàåÀÆ˜ÇÀÉ˜ÈÅ’ÄÈÄ“ÀÈÅ‰ÄÀ…ÊÄÀÅ‡ ïôb úçz-ìà eäòøì Léà eàø÷z úBàáö äåäé íàðÀË‘ÀÉÈ†ÀÈÄÀÀÄ†ÀÅÅÆÇ‡ÇÆ Æ
a reference to Dovid who descended from Yehudah. :íÖðeí−ÌôêÖaÓL,ðÌîÖð êeí
:áÍ äæ íéç÷ìnäå úøpäå çøtäå øeâñ áäæ øéácäÇÀÄÈÈ†ÈÀÇÆ ‰ ÇÀÇÅ…ÊÀÇÆÀÈÇÄÈÈ Léàk éðøéòéå éa øácä Càìnä áLiå :äðàz úçz-ìàåÀÆÇ‡ÇÀÅÈÍÇ ÈÈÇÇÀÈÇÊÅ†ÄÇÀÄÅÄÀÄ
[17] A viper. .ïÉôéÄôÀL [æé]
[öÕõ−ÌõÐL is] a kind of snake. ;LÖìÖò êeí áäæ úBzçnäå úBtkäå úB÷øænäå úBønæîäå úBtqäå˜ÀÇÄ˜ÀÇÍÀÇÀ‰ÀÇÄÀÈ…ÀÇÇ‡ÀÇÇÀÈÈ† øîàå äàø äzà äî éìà øîàiå :BúðMî øBòé-øLàÂÆÅ‡ÄÀÈÍÇ†ÊÆÅÇÈ‡ÇÈÊÆÈÍœÊÇ–
À Ä À È ƒ
It is my opinion that it is so named ,öÑk −eþÖwÓL−ÌòÎêþÑôBêÐî íéLãwä Lã÷ì éîéðtä úéaä úBúìãì úBútäå øeâñÈÀÇÊ–ÀÇÀ—ÇÇ’ÄÇÀÄÄ“À†ÊÆÇÃÈÄ äòáLå dLàø-ìò dlâå dlk áäæ úøBðî äpäå éúéàøÈÄ†ÄÀÄÅ†ÀÇ—ÈÈ’ËÈ“ÀËÈ†ÇÊÈ
because it hisses [when it bites,] ,¹ÑLBò êeíÓLóÑLñÔ¼ :áäæ ìëéäì úéaä éúìãìÀÇÀÅ‡ÇÇ … ÄÇÍÅÈÈÈÍ øLà úBøpì úB÷öeî äòáLå äòáL äéìò äéúøÍÊÆ’È‘ÈÆÈÄÀÈƒÀÄÀÈ‘ÍÈÇÅÂÆ‡ ðÅ
on
121 I Divrei Hayamim 12, 33. 122 Ibid. 123 II Shmuel 22, 10. 124 Tehillim 78, 1. 125 Targum Yonasan and our 19
Sages explain îô¼ ö−ð− öð as: Dan will be the judges adjudicating the disputes between his people. Rashi, however,
explains it according to Onkelos. 126 Devarim 32, 36. 127 See Shoftim 13. .'ë ìäàä .'ë åøîàéåœœ
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