Page 56 - 哈佛商業評論2016年5月號：提升「失敗報酬率」

㉴匕Ά㌁6327/,*+7 ਂλ⁕㌁ᙸਠ䠦

⅁ 䙤ɝอɷ兖Oᦙᘥざᙵㄱϋd䀄̮ពᔸ ̈ɛɹ㍄䂄eᦉҦe垗ព᝖բ䈢䌰Ӌe㝴

ʕːุਕëν˚ʕ˂dΙ᠑ᦉҦᔸਕ̶
儐e儷䀄eج⥳䈢ᡗط6ᘥ₀ɽ墘ʷfء
ɛ 㕣㕣 垗ਪᔸਕ2̡3Tata Consultancy
จฆ∢ৃ㠢dঐᜐϓอᘥ奠匕䈢ᚘ䕴ᒄᠤ
Services4ᝁˀՉ㢖ဢБdӔ֛̈ਯ䁳ɨᘥ အd失⤈厈ঐซ㥳䈢⥳㌁‹䅧̙ঐᘥ+
ពᔸʕːุਕf Ըf
ᤩʡ䍑k劗㉷̮̍ᘥពᔸʕːᡦ̴㜗 㕣㕣垗ਪ2̡ᘥ䌵䞀䀀㒇ءจՑㄱ
≧䁳ɨҞ。ϓᚇᘥุਕʘɓdШ㕣㕣垗ਪ ℠ฆ∢ৃ㠢f®ℓᥴኈᦉҦ剖㔶剩Σ㔂
2̡ᘥ䌵䞀䀀㒇㒂ᐤᥲᜂd⦗㕧ุਕ᠖Ҟ 䅲d失ਠุᔸਕঐ㝴%䕴⥹ᡠԸㅲԶd

ㄡึ墘ϓІʉᘥ̍㐒fⅠʈᤈ̰。᠑̈փ ဢʔᡦ〈㤄㔢⤁%ΆุІʉ䞓ϞᘥᦉҦ⥹
ή৷dⁱԴɛ㡱〓ژ̀㔆˚j嚁ցήр6 ᡠf®ℓ䉥ᤩdΌ⡐ʷΆุざ⤐ึ⁓Ӌһ
㞈㔀อɛ䈢㑢Б❆ኃ━䕦dɛ㡱ሦϋᔸਕ ৷㒈eһϞ㌲⡙ᘥ̮̍ᔸਕd⦗ᡦΥ⡑ᘥ
ᘥอɛ䑤㑰ε㢘ʞɤ㝖ɛf⦗䅧ઋرʔ㔣 પ㉙f㜗ሦЗⅠʈㅲԶᔸਕᘥᚓ̋䍘℉һ

ऊঃ2̡㡱๕dɰ失⤈厈㉶جਖ਼ءίІʉ ৷dሦ℠ɛだ〇ᘥ儤Gɰึһ৷dਖ਼ءί
ॆëᘥ[䑴j㒂㌑һᤩ䘡呕ᘥঐ6䈢ᔸਕ ⦗嘙ᔸਕd失㕣㕣垗ਪ2̡ঐ%һ䆆历
㔄[fί̹゗䌰Ӌᜱה+ኈή♸᜸ʘ䌧d ᘥɛ6dɽㄧㅲ˝儤G䑤οfΝ≧d®ℓ
㕣㕣垗ਪ2̡Ӕ֛匴⤥ពᔸุਕᘥ刈ਗd ɰᘩ㢖d㕣㕣垗ਪ2̡̀㔆іˏһਖ਼䆆ᘥ
䀨ίᡦᤩə剦еɽλ+Ը⥧䦅䉨ʘ刈ה ɛʑd⦗℠〓ʱϞ䥠ᔥɛ㡱〓ژᘥם㔳ʈ

์f Ъf®ℓ⚃̈ᘥ㍄䘸ᡦdពᔸʕːᚘШʔ
㕣㕣 垗ਪ2̡ᘥ 刈 ਗd Ң 䅨 ᤩ ึᜐϓ2̡㢘ϓซ㢘ϓᘥ+Ըdˀℒึᚒ
Ø㥇 º⥳ ㌁ᘥ䠦ึt㞄à3planned 唵Іʉ剩Σ጑℠+Ըf
opportunism4fึ⡘N⦗℠ซجdᡦΪᤩ 㥇º⥳㌁ᘥ䠦ึt㞄ᡦϞት⤁ᘥᤈ

Ңℓ䌵∵Ց+Ըᘥʔ̙㥇㉙dဢì+Ըᡦ ㌣dʔ̥ঐҬ̈ëί㢙 ᘥ墘ʷdጠғ⠆
%ᚘ䕴ᒄᘥ墘ʷ䈢䦙䠦ጣòהҖ㕙f䀳ᔥ ̴ูℓ̙ঐ੭Ըʡ䍑䑩ᘥ䠦ึd剨ঐ⚅䀨
⦗〓ʱdҢℓ̥ঐУ䠦ဢਗd坂ᔥØ䠦ึ 変ʕ㒂㌑e㍵՟̈ᜱ㆕ᥴλᘥᚘ䕴ᒄਠุ
t㞄àfЪᤩ䌵䞀ɛᘥЫνОΫ偲d᜴ᡦ ซجdጠ匰ɽ⦗ጤซجᘥ⥳䑶f̴ᤩΆุ
Ø㥇º⥳㌁àᘥ〓ʱf㥇º⥳㌁ᘥ䠦ึt ҁϓɧòतй₀⁓ᘥጣj314ᤩอซجだ

㞄d剂Ӌ䀳ฆ∢ৃ㠢ᘥ❉ช᠑dɰㄡᡦঐ 〇ㄹ儷ት⤁i324㌑∅̈ર֛偄º㔅ᅧe
䀲嚘‹䅧剖㔶⅁䤕┐≧ᘥ啵䞗d⚅ဢપ匷 䘶ᢇdjʿ⊄䞗⦗ጤซجમ՟Бਗᘥঐ

䈂けg৷˖㢘ז历
㢘त‧㆐ɽ䝸㕣дਠ䝸৫3Dartmouth's Tuck School4け̈剂∡❆બdɰᡦ᝘Нਠ䝸৫ᦀቴⅠf7䕠˖〷ҷ䕲І®ᘥอ≵

ɧ⡱㡆Ӕ˙⊁j䌵䞀だอᘥ㌲⡙3 The Three Box Solution: A Strategy for Leading Innovation , HBR Press, 2016)4f

56 ᝘Нਠุ㐗䘸Ό⡐冃夑ʕ˖وx May 2016 xو堰הϞg䐘Ὶቴ