Page 2801 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

1464 Apomorphine (Apometic, Apokyn) Atropine sulfate ophthalmic

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
VetBooks.ir Apomorphine (Apometic, Emesis induction: 0.03 mg/kg IV, Do not use in cats. Overdoses in dogs may result in Usually compounded.
cardiorespiratory depression,
0.04 mg/kg IM (least preferred),
Tablets or injectable
Apokyn)
product for humans is
CNS stimulation/depression and
4 to 1 tablet/DOG crushed
or
1
and dissolved in small volume
veterinary use.
sterile saline instilled in protracted vomiting. Naloxone not readily available for
reverses CNS and respiratory
conjunctival sac (rinse eye after symptoms, but does not affect
emesis) vomiting. Contraindicated in cats.
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) Antioxidant: 20-30 mg/kg PO, Antioxidant: 20-30 mg/kg PO, Use to reverse methemoglobinemia Tablets, injection
IM, or slow IV q 6-8h for 2-3 IM, or slow IV q 6-8h for is controversial.
days 2-3 days
Asparaginase (Elspar) Chemotherapy for lymphoma: Chemotherapy for lymphoma: Antihistamine or glucocorticoid pre- Available from sterile
400 units/kg, or 10,000 units/ 400 units/kg IM, SQ, or IP treatment indicated to mitigate compounding outsourcing
2
m (NOT units/kg) IM or SQ risk of severe hypersensitivity facilities as 10,000-U
reaction. Asparaginase is vial. No longer classified
intermittently commercially as a hazardous drug by
available as an FDA-approved NIOSH.
product but may be purchased
from FDA-registered 503B
outsourcing facilities. Because
asparaginase is used in cancer
chemotherapy, it was once
considered a hazardous drug;
however, it was removed from
the NIOSH list of hazardous
drugs in 2016.
Aspirin Antithrombotic: 0.5-2 mg/kg PO Analgesic/antipyretic/ Enteric-coated tablets for humans Plain or enteric-coated
q 12-24h antiinflammatory: 10 mg/kg may be released erratically or not tablets or effervescent
Analgesia: 10 mg/kg PO q PO q 48-72h at all in dogs and cats. Highly tablets for dissolution
12h (alternative analgesics Antithrombotic: 5 mg/CAT PO protein bound; use lower doses in water
preferred) q 72h in hypoalbuminemic patients.
Dogs are more sensitive to GI
ulceration than cats. Aspirin has
an extended half-life (30 hours)
in cats.
Atenolol (Tenormin) Cardiovascular indications: Cardiovascular indications, Adverse effects include Tablets. Compounding
0.25-1.5 mg/kg PO q 12h including hypertension: bradycardia, inappetence, pharmacies may prepare
6.25 mg/CAT ( 1 4 of a 25-mg lethargy and depression, stable oral suspensions.
tablet) PO q 12h. Dosage impaired AV conduction, CHF, Reduce dose with renal
may be titrated upward to hypotension, and hypoglycemia. dysfunction.
maximum of 25 mg q 12h.
Atipamezole (Antisedan) Alpha-adrenergic reversal: Alpha-adrenergic reversal Occasionally GI signs, Injection
3750 mcg/m IM once; agent: mL for mL volume hypersalivation, or tremors
2
practically, mL for mL volume equivalent to medetomidine are seen. Reversal is rapid,
equivalent to dexmedetomidine so exercise caution as animal
or medetomidine used may be briefly hyperexcitable or
Amitraz toxicity: 50 mcg/kg IM hyper-reactive.
up to q 4h prn
Atovaquone (Mepron, Susceptible infection: 15 mg/ Cytauxzoonosis: 15 mg/kg PO q Oral suspension is very viscous Oral suspension (preferred)
Malarone) kg PO q 8h with a fatty 8h, with azithromycin and opaque; suspension drawn or oral tablets in
meal; often combined with up into oral dosing syringes combination with
azithromycin should be allowed to settle, proguanil. Best absorbed
undisturbed, protected from light with food.
to ensure that all air bubbles
have dissipated so that an
accurate dose can be achieved.
Atropine sulfate Bradycardia: 0.04 mg/kg IV Bradycardia or toxicoses: Adverse effects are dose related Injection
(during cardiopulmonary 0.04 mg/kg IV (during and include dry mouth,
resuscitation; can be given cardiopulmonary resuscitation; increased viscosity of secretions,
intratracheal or intraosseous if can be given intratracheal or dysphagia, constipation,
no vascular access), or divided intraosseous if no vascular vomiting, thirst, urinary retention,
IV and IM access), or divided IV and IM CNS effects, arrhythmias, and
Organophosphate intoxication: Preanesthetic: 0.01- 0.02 mg/ others.
0.1-0.5 mg/kg; give 1 4 dose kg IM or IV
IV and the remainder SQ or IM
Preanesthetic: 0.01- 0.02 mg/
kg IM or IV
Atropine sulfate ophthalmic Mydriasis: 1 drop solution or 1 8 Mydriasis: 1 drop solution Hypersalivation, irritation, and 1% ointment or solution
inch ointment per affected eye or 1 8 inch ointment per sensitivity to bright light are
q 8-12h, then q 24-48h prn affected eye q 8-12h, then q potential adverse effects.
24-48h prn
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