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and basic phrases and rereading   up  familiar  names,  words,  and
                                          as                                 basic
                                                                            phrases    and    rereading   as
                                          required.                          required.
                                          Extract  the  gist  and  key      Extract  the  gist  and  key
                                      •  information                     •  information
                                          items   from    very    simple    items        from        simple
                                          informational                      informational,
                                                                            transactional  and  expository
                                          texts.                             texts.

                                                                         •     Produce slow, hesitant, planned
                                                                            dialogues  (i.e.  communication
                                      •     Produce slow, hesitant, planned    still
                                                                            depends       on      repetition,
                                          monologues (i.e. with frequent     rephrasing
                                          pauses    to     search    for
                                          expressions,                      and repair, however).
                                          backtracking24, errors, etc.)
                                                                         •  Interact and participate in brief
                                      •     Interact  in a  simple  way  by
                                      asking                                informal discussions, in a simple
                    Speaking
                                          and answering simple questions    way by asking and answering
                                                                            simple  questions  about  the
                                          about the learners’ personal       learners’
                                          and educational background.       personal, educational and social
                                          Communication      is   highly
                                          dependent                         background. Communication is
                                                                            dependent  on  repetition  at  a
                                          on repetition at a slower rate of    slower
                                          speech,    rephrasing,     and
                                          repair25.                         rate of speech, rephrasing, and
                                                                            repair.

                                                                            Produce           informational,
                                      •          Produce  very  simple  •  transactional
                                      informational                         and  expository  texts  consisting
                                          texts that can have little or no     of a
                                          detail,                           sequence  of  simple  sentences
                                          can  have  little  variety  in     that
                     Writing              sentence
                                                                            have more detail and show more
                                          structure, and may have some      variety  in  lexical  range  and
                                                                             sentence
                                          usage error.
                                                                            structure.
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