Page 80 - Q - 9 - 2

√«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å®‘μμ‘ μ‘ß»¿—∑‘¬å 49

Christian Thomasius ·≈–·æ√àÀ≈“¬„π Denmark ·≈–°≈ÿࡪ√–‡∑»· °π¥‘‡π‡«’¬π
(Ò)
‚¥¬ Norregaard, Hurtigkarl, Scheel ·≈– Larsen „πΩ√—Ë߇» °Á¡’ºŸâ‡ πÕ¢÷Èπ¡“
(ÒÒ)
‡™àπ‡¥’¬«°—π ·μ৫“¡‡ÀÁπ à«π„À≠à¢Õßπ—°π‘μ‘»“ μ√嬗߉¡à¬Õ¡√—∫∑ƒ…Æ’π’ÈÕ¬à“ß
(ÒÚ)
®√‘ß®—ß

μ“¡§«“¡§‘¥·π«π’È„π¢≥–∑’Ë°ÆÀ¡“¬≈–‡¡‘¥¬—ß∑”Àπâ“∑’ËÕ¬Ÿàπ—Èπ °“√™¥„™â

§à“‡ ’¬À“¬Õ“®¡’°“√·ª√‡ª≈’ˬπ„ÀâÀπ—°¢÷Èπ‰¥âμ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥å‡√’¬°«à“ çaggravated
damagesé §à“‡ ’¬À“¬·∫∫π’ÈÕ“®®–‡À¡“–¡“°¢÷Èπ°«à“§à“‡ ’¬À“¬∏√√¡¥“ ·μà‰¡à„™à
(ÒÛ)
çpunitive damagesé Õ¬Ÿàπ—Ëπ‡Õß

Ú. §«“¡§‘¥„π‡√◊ËÕß≈–‡¡‘¥π—Èπ¡’«—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå Õߪ√–°“√∑’Ë´âÕπ°—π§◊Õ (Ò) ™¥„™â

§à“‡ ’¬À“¬ (compensatory idea) ·≈– (Ú) ™¥„™â„À⇰‘¥§«“¡æÕ„®·°à‚®∑°å ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ
(ÒÙ)
À“¬¢ÿàπ¢âÕßÀ¡Õß„®„πμ—«®”‡≈¬ (idea of satisfaction)

‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡æÕ„®·≈–À“¬¢ÿàπ¢âÕß §à“‡ ’¬À“¬¬àÕ¡¡“°°«à“ª°μ‘ ·μà
π—°π‘μ‘»“ μ√å¡’§«“¡‡ÀÁπ«à“§à“‡ ’¬À“¬ª√–‡¿∑π’ȇªìπ‡æ’¬ß·ª√‡ª≈’ˬπ„ÀâÀπ—°¢÷Èπ

(aggravated damages) ‰¡à„™à‡ªìπ°“√≈ß‚∑… ∑’Ë®√‘ß®–‡ÀÁπ‰¥â«à“º≈‚¥¬∑“ßÕâÕ¡‡ªìπ
°“√≈ß‚∑… ·μà∑ƒ…Æ’∑“ß®‘μ«‘∑¬“‰¡àπ‘¬¡°“√≈ß‚∑…‚¥¬μ√ß °≈—∫π‘¬¡°“√≈ß‚∑…∑“ßÕâÕ¡

∑’ˉ¡à„™à‡ªìπ·∫∫øÕ√å¡ ‡√’¬°«à“ informal manner À√◊Õ gemeinschaften manner.

Û. §«“¡§‘¥„π‡√◊ËÕß≈–‡¡‘¥π—Èπ¡’«—μ∂ÿª√– ߧå Õߪ√–°“√§◊Õ (Ò) ™¥„™â§à“‡ ’¬À“¬

(compensatory idea) ·≈– (Ú) ™¥„™â„À⇰‘¥§«“¡æÕ„®·°à‚®∑°å‡æ◊ËÕ„ÀâÀ“¬¢ÿàπ¢âÕß

À¡Õß„®„πμ—«®”‡≈¬ (idea of satisfaction)

(Ò)
Stig Jorensen, Erstatningsret (1966); Stig Jorgensen (et. all), Towards Strict
Liability in Tort (1963) 7 Scandinavian Studies in Law P. 7, et. seq.
(ÒÒ)
¥Ÿ ¥√. ®’Í¥ ‡»√…∞∫ÿμ√, À≈—°°ÆÀ¡“¬·æàß≈—°…≥–≈–‡¡‘¥ (∏√√¡»“ μ√å, ÚıÒ¯) ∫∑∑’Ë Ò (À¡«¥ Ú)
(ÒÚ)
J.A. Jolowicz, Liability for Accidents (1968) 26 Cambridge Law Journal 50
(ÒÛ)
Harry Street, Principles of the Law of Damages (1962) P.P. 22-34.
(ÒÙ)
H.L.A. Hart, op. cit, P. 160; Walter Blum and Harry Kalven, The Empty Cabinet
of Dr Calabresi : Auto Accidents and General Deterrence (1967) 34 The University
of Chicago Law Review 239