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[257] Shemos—Yisro 20:2–3 âYá:ë åøúéZúåîù Shemos—Yisro 20:21 àë:ë åøúéZúåîù [268]
from the house of slaves. :ó−ÞÌðÖëμ³−'ÑaÌô 21. Make an earthen altar for Me ›−Ìl-íÓNμÞÔz ‡íÖôÖðÎêì¤ÔaÐïÌô .ê×
3. You must not have any other gods ó−£ÌþÑìÎêó−'ÌíGÍê §EÐñí'Ó−ÐíÌ−-ê ÞG.è and slaughter your burnt-offerings near it, ·E−·Ó³GÒ Þ¼-³Óêî− †ÖñÖ¼ ¤ÖzÐìÔëÞÖïÐî
your peace-offerings, your sheep and your cattle. E¢ÓþÖšÐa-³ÓêÐî £EÐòêÒ Þ®-³ÓêE− flÓôÖñÐL-³ÓêÐî
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

as it is said: “[The people saw] the sounds;” 20 ³GBwÔí³ÓêþÔôÍêÓpÓL AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA RASHI é"ùø AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
sounds coming from all four directions ³Bìeþ ¼ÔaÐþÔêÑôö−ÌêÖa ³BñBš
“I will make cherubim in the Synagogues ³Bi̽ÑòÐ×−ÑzÖëÐaó−ÌëeþÐ×íÓNB¼ −Ìò−ÑþÎí
as well as from the heavens and the earth, Z±ÓþÖêÖíöÌôe óÌ−ÔôÖMÔíöÌôe
do not therefore say that there are many domains. 21 .öÑííÑaÐþÔí ³B−eLÐþeþÐôêÒzñÔê and in the Houses of Study ³BLÖþÐðÌô−ÑzÖëÐëe
the same way that I do in the Eternal House.” 105 ,ó−ÌôÖñB¼ ³−ÑëÐaíÓNB¼ −ÌòÎêÓLCÓþÓðÐk
Why is this section written in the singular: ð−ÌìÖ− öBLÐñþÔôÖêíÖôÖñÐî
“E−ÓšGÍê”—“ your (speaking to one individual) God”? 22 ?E−ÓíGÍê It is for this reason that it states: ,þÔôÍêÓòCÖ×Ðñ
“You must not make for yourselves.” 106 :óÓ×ÖñeNμԳêG
This was to give an opening for Moshe íÓLôÐñíÓt öBìгÌtöÑz−Ìñ
to present a defense for the act of the Golden Calf. 23 ,ñÓèѼÖííÑNμÔôÐëêÖ−ÐþBè−ÑòÖ½ðÑnÔñÐñ [21] An earthen altar. 107 .äÈîÈãÂàçÇaÀæÄî [àë]
This is what is meant when he said: þÔôÖêÓLíÓïÐî [I.e.,] attached to the earth ,íÖôÖðÎêÖaþÖaeìÐô
“Why, God, should You be angry at Your nation?” 24 EÓnÔ¼ÐaEÐtÔêíÓþÍìÓ−’ííÖôÖñ [meaning:] that it must not be built on pillars ó−ÌðenÔ¼−ÑaÔbñÔ¼epÓòÐëÌ−êHÓL
[Meaning:] “It was not to them óÓíÖñêG or on a base. .½−̽Öë−ÑaÔèñÔ¼Bê
that You issued the command: ,Ö³−ÌeÌ® An alternate explanation: þÑìÔêþÖëÖc
You (plural) shall have no other gods ,ó−ÌþÑìÎêó−ÌíGÍêóÓ×ÖñíÓ−Ð íÌ−êG that they should fill the hollow ñÔñÎì³ÓêêÑlÔôÐôíÖ−ÖíÓL
but only to me.” 25 26 :−ÌcÔëÐñ−ÌñêÖlÓê of the copper altar with earth 108 íÖôÖðÎê³ÓLBìÐpÔíìÔaÐïÌô
From the house of slaves. 27 .íéÞÄãÈáÂò úéÅaÄî during their encampment. 109 :öÖ³−Ö−ÖòÎì³Ô¼ÐLÌë
[Meaning:] from the house of Pharaoh ,íÒ¼ÐþÔt³−ÑaÌô Make for me. 110 .éÄl-äÆNÂòÞÇz
to whom you were slaves. ,Bñ ó−ÌðÖëμóÓ³−Ì−ÍíÓL From its beginning it should be made B³−ÖiÌNμ³ÔlÌìÐzêÑíÐzÓL
Or maybe it means þÑôBê Bò−ÑêBê for My Name. 111 112 :−ÌôÐLÌñ
simply “from the house of slaves,” 28 ,ó−ÌðÖëμ³−ÑaÌôêÖlÓê And slaughter near it. 113 .åéÈìÈòÈzÀçÇáÞÈæÀå
[implying] that they were the slaves of slaves. ?ó−ÌðÖëμÔñó−ÌðÖëμe−ÖíÓL [î−ÖñÖ¼ here means:] near it, ,BñЮÓê
The Torah therefore states: þÔôBñ ðeôÐñÔz as in: “And near him was the tribe of Menasheh.” 114 ,íÓMÔòÐôíÑhÔô î−ÖñÖ¼ÐîBôÐk
“He redeemed you from the house of slaves, ó−ÌðÖëμ³−ÑaÌôEÐcÐõÌiÔî Or perhaps it means literally upon it. ?LÖ nÔô î−ÖñÖ¼êÖlÓê Bò−ÑêBê
from the hand of Pharaoh, king of Egypt.” ,óÌ−ÖþЮÌôCÓñÓôíÒ¼ÐþÔtðÔiÌô The Torah therefore says: þÔôBñ ðeôÐñÔz
You must therefore conclude ,íÖzÔ¼Ñô þBôÍê “the flesh and the blood [of the korbon óÖcÔíÐîþÖNÖaÔí
that they were slaves of the king e−ÖíCÓñÓnÔñó−ÌðÖëμ shall be put] upon the altar of Adonoy your God,” 115 ,E−ÓíGÍê’íìÔaÐfÌôñÔ¼
and not the slaves of slaves. 29 :ó−ÌðÖëμÔñó−ÌðÖëμêGÐî but the slaughtering is not upon the altar. 116 :ÔìÑaÐïÌôÔíLêÒþÐaíÖ¬−ÌìÐLö−ÑêÐî
[3] You must not have. .EÀ ìäÆéÀäÞÄé-à ÞG [â] Your burnt-offerings, your peace-offerings— .EéÆîÈìÀL-úÆàÀåEéÆúGÉ Þò-úÆà
Why is this said? 30 ?þÔôÍêÓòíÖnÖñ that are from your sheep and your cattle. :EÓþÖšÐaÌôe EÐòêÒvÌôþÓLÎê

20 Below, v. 15. 21 Sh. Rab. 5, 9. 22 As well as ó−ÌþÑìÎêó−ÌíGÍêEÐñíÓ−ÐíÌ−êG—“ You (as a single individual) shall have no
other gods.” 23 I.e., to defend the B’nei Yisrael from punishment for having committed the sin of the Golden calf. 105 The Beis Hamikdosh. 106 Ibid. 107 But both altars in the mishkon were not made of earth—the outer altar in
24 Below, 32, 11. 25 Since You stated it in the singular EÐñíÓ−ÐíÌ−êG. However, it is necessary to explain how this could the courtyard of the mishkon was made of wood plated with copper and the inner altar was made of wood plated
serve as a defense since the B’nei Yisrael well knew that these prohibitions were directed at them. See Mizrachi and with gold. 108 The altar in the courtyard of the mishkon had no bottom or covering. It was filled with earth.
Gur Aryeh. 26 Sh. Rab. 43, 5. 27 “House of Slaves” can mean: 1. The house belonging to slaves, 2. the house in Accordingly it can properly be called íÖôÖðÎêìÔaÐïÌô—“ an earthen altar.” 109 Ibid. 110 Whenever God says −Ìñ—“ for
which you were slaves. 28 I.e., that they were taken out of the house that belonged to the Egyptians who were Me,” He obviously does not mean it in the sense that He has a need for it, for God lacks nothing. 111 I.e., it may
themselves slaves to Pharaoh. 29 Sh. Rab. ibid. 30 1. Why does it not instead say: “ðBëμԳêG—“ Do not worship”? not first be made for a mundane purpose and then used as an altar. 112 Ibid. 113 î−ÖñÖ¼ literally means: “upon it.”
(Mechilta) 114 Bamidbar 2, 20. 115 Devarim 12, 27. 116 Mechilta.