Page 2807 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

1470 Clonazepam (Klonopin) Cyclosporine-systemic (Atopica, Neoral, Sandimmune)

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
VetBooks.ir Clonazepam (Klonopin) Anxiolytic: 0.5-1 mg/kg PO q Anxiolytic and antiepileptic: Adverse effects include Tablets and rapidly
hypersalivation, hypersecretion
disintegrating tablets. CSS-IV.
8-12h
0.02-0.5 mg/kg PO q 8-12h
Antiepileptic: up to 2 mg/kg PO
in upper respiratory passages,
q 12h
GI effects, transient elevations of
liver enzymes, and hematologic
effects. Tolerance to the
antiseizure effects has been
reported in dogs. Cats may
develop hepatocellular necrosis,
but this is not as likely as with
oral diazepam.
Clonidine (Duraclon, Behavior modification and Adjunctive antidiarrheal: Adverse effects may include Tablets, injection, transdermal
Catapres) anxiolytic: 0.01-0.05 mg/kg PO 5-10 mcg/kg 2-3 times a transient hyperglycemia, dry patch
approximately 1.5 to 2 hours day, SQ or PO mouth, constipation, sedation,
before the triggering event; start paradoxical arousal, hypotension,
with lower dose and titrate up if collapse, and bradycardia.
necessary
Clopidogrel (Plavix) Thromboprophylaxis: 1-2 mg/kg Thromboprophylaxis: Generally well tolerated. Adverse Tablets
PO q 24h, or 10 mg/kg PO on 18.75 mg/CAT PO q 24h; effects may include vomiting or
day 1, then 2-3 mg/kg PO q higher doses have been used bleeding.
24h thereafter
Clorazepate (Tranxene-SD, Anxiolytic and adjunct Anxiolytic: 0.02-0.4 mg/kg PO Adverse effects include sedation Tablets
Gen-Xene) antiepileptic: 0.5-2 mg/kg PO q 12-24h and ataxia. May exacerbate
q 8-12h. Tolerance can occur Antiepileptic: 3.75-7.5 mg/CAT myasthenia gravis. Use with
with continued use. PO q 12-24h caution in liver disease. May
worsen aggression through
disinhibition.
Cosyntropin (ACTH, ACTH stimulation test: 5 mcg/ ACTH stimulation test: Rare hypersensitivity reactions. Dry powder for reconstitution.
Cortrosyn) kg solution IV once. Can use 125 mcg/CAT Compounded solutions may
entire vial of Cortrosyn per dog not be as efficacious and time
regardless of size. of peak response may be
less consistent. Gel no longer
available.
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin Hypocobalaminemia: 25 mcg/kg Hypocobalaminemia: Very well tolerated Tablets, injection
B 12) SQ q 1 week for 6 weeks, then 250 mcg/CAT SQ once a
once more in 4 weeks. Recheck week for 6 weeks, then
cobalamin status. Alternatively, q 1-2 months based
for dogs <9 kg give 250 mcg, on cobalamin levels, or
for dogs 9-18 kg give 500 mcg, 250 mcg PO q 24h for 12
or dogs >18 kg give 1000 mcg weeks then recheck status
PO q 24h for 12 weeks, then
check cobalamin status.
Cyclophosphamide Antineoplastic: 10-15 mg/m 2 Antineoplastic: 10-15 mg/ Adverse effects are Tablets, injection. Cytotoxic,
2
(Cytoxan, Neosar) (as a daily metronomic dose), m (as a daily metronomic myelosuppression, GI effects, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug
2
or 50 mg/m PO q 24h for dose) to 50 mg/m PO q alopecia in cyclical hair-growing and should be prepared,
2
3 to 4 days of each week, 24h for 3 to 4 days each breeds, and sterile hemorrhagic administered, and disposed
2
or 250-300 mg/m once q 3 week to larger dosages of cystitis. Pulmonary fibrosis of in accordance with federal
2
weeks 250-300 mg/m once q 3 and secondary cancers may and local requirements.
weeks occur. Adjunctive treatment
with furosemide is used as
prophylaxis for hemorrhagic
cystitis.
Cyclosporine-systemic Atopic dermatitis: 5 mg/kg PO q Eosinophilic granuloma, GI upset is commonly reported Capsules, oral solution,
(Atopica, Neoral, 24h (or if given concurrently asthma, or allergic initially. Giving the drug with a injection, and ophthalmic
Sandimmune) with ketoconazole 2.5-3 mg/kg dermatitis: 4-7 mg/kg or small amount of food or placing ointments. Injections may
PO q 24h) 25 mg/CAT PO q 24h doses in the freezer for 30-60 cause a severe histamine
Immunosuppression: 5 mg/kg minutes before administration reaction in dogs. Administer
PO q 12-24h, adjusted based anecdotally alleviates vomiting, with food in dogs and on an
on functional or pharmacologic or may use antiemetic such as empty stomach in cats. Do
monitoring maropitant first several days of not interchange Sandimmune
KCS: 0.5 cm of ophthalmic treatment. Gingival hypertrophy, with Atopica/Neoral/Gengraf
ointment on affected eye q 12h papillomatosis, protein-losing products as Sandimmune is
nephropathy, and secondary not bioequivalent.
infection (e.g., toxoplasmosis) or
malignancy have been reported.

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