Page 2811 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

1474 Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine, Gravol) Diphenoxylate HCl with atropine (Lomotil)

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
VetBooks.ir Dimenhydrinate Motion sickness: 4-8 mg/kg PO, Motion sickness: Can cause CNS depression, Tablets, injections. Injections
12.5 mg/CAT PO, IM, IV
IM, or IV q 8h
(Dramamine, Gravol)
anticholinergic effects, and GI upset.
should be diluted before
administration.
q 8h
Use with caution in GI or urinary
obstruction, hyperthyroidism, seizure
disorders, cardiovascular disease
or hypertension. Less effective than
maropitant.
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Amyloidosis: 80 mg/kg SQ q 48h Use in cats is not described. Can cause contact irritation, sulfurous No approved dosage forms;
or 300 mg/kg PO q 24h odor. Teratogenic. Efficacy poorly FDA import alert. Often
established. illegally marketed and
difficult to obtain quality
product. Nonsterile solution,
gel, topical. Sterilize solution
with 0.22-micron sterilizing
filter; dilute 1 : 4 with sterile
water for SQ injection. Wear
gloves.
Dimercaprol (BAL in Oil, Chelating agent (e.g., arsenicals): Chelating agent (e.g., Adverse effects may include vomiting, Injection
British anti-lewisite) 2.5-5 mg/kg IM q 4h for the arsenicals): 2.5-5 mg/kg seizures with higher dosages,
first 2 days of treatment, then q IM q 4h for the first 2 days increased blood pressure, and
12h until recovery of treatment, then q 12h tachycardia. Contraindicated with
until recovery impaired hepatic function (unless
secondary to acute arsenic toxicity)
and iron, cadmium, or selenium
poisoning. Use with caution with
impaired renal function. Alkalinize
urine to prevent reabsorption.
Administer deep IM (painful).
Diminazene (Berenil) Babesiosis, trypanosomiasis: Cytauxzoonosis: 2 mg/kg IM Adverse effects include tremors, Not available in the United
4.2 mg/kg IM q 21 days repeated in 7 days itching, sweating, convulsions, States. Available in other
dyspnea, recumbency, hypotension, countries as injection and
and diarrhea. powder for oral solution,
but imports into the United
States may be seized by the
FDA and U.S. Customs.
Dinoprost tromethamine Pyometra (use is very Pyometra: 0.1 mg/kg SQ Absolutely contraindicated in any Injection
(Lutalyse) controversial): Day 1, give on the first day, then desired pregnancy. Adverse effects
0.1 mg/kg SQ once; Day 2, 0.25 mg/kg SQ q 24h for include abdominal pain, emesis,
give 0.2 mg/kg SQ once; Days 5 days defecation, urination, and pupillary
3-7, give 0.25 mg/kg SQ q 24h dilation followed by constriction,
Abortifacient up to 30 days after tachycardias, restlessness and
breeding: 0.1 mg/kg SQ q 8h anxiety, fever, hypersalivation,
for 3 days and then 0.2 mg/ dyspnea, and panting. Cats may also
kg SQ q 8h to effect, usually in exhibit increased vocalization and
combination with misoprostol intense grooming behavior.
Dioctyl sodium Stool softener: 25-100 mg/DOG Stool softener: 50 mg /CAT Well tolerated but can cause cramping, Capsules, liquids (for use PO
sulfosuccinate (DSS, (depending on size) PO q PO q 24h, or 60 mL diarrhea, and GI mucosal damage. or per rectum) OTC.
Colace, Docusate) 12-24h or 60-90 mL (10 mg/ (8 mg/mL solution) per
docusate/mL) per rectum rectum
Diphenhydramine HCl Antihistamine: 2-4 mg/kg PO Antihistamine: 2-4 mg/kg PO Sedation and GI upset may be seen. Tablets, capsules, and oral
(Benadryl) q 8-12h or 0.5-2 mg/kg IM, q 8-12h Cats may experience paradoxical CNS liquids OTC, and injections
SQ, or IV stimulation. Contraindicated in GI or
Vestibular disease: 4-8 mg/kg urinary obstruction, hyperthyroidism,
PO q 24h seizure disorders, cardiovascular
disease, or hypertension.
Diphenoxylate HCl with Antidiarrheal: Dosage is based on Not usually recommended Adverse opioid effects include Tablets, oral liquid. CSS-V.
atropine (Lomotil) the diphenoxylate component: for cats due to opioid constipation, bloat, and sedation.
0.05-0.2 mg/kg PO q 8-12h stimulation Do not use in patients receiving
Antitussive: 0.25 mg/kg PO q MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz,
8-12h l-deprenyl) or in patients with MDR1/
ABCB1-Δ mutants. Use with caution
in respiratory disease, hepatic
encephalopathy, hypothyroidism,
severe renal insufficiency,
adrenocortical insufficiency, head
injuries, increased intracranial
pressure, acute abdominal conditions,
and in geriatric or severely debilitated
patients.

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