Page 2813 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

1476 Doxycycline (Doxirobe, Vibramycin) Enrofloxacin (Baytril, Enroflox)

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
VetBooks.ir Doxycycline (Doxirobe, Susceptible infections: 5-10 mg/ Susceptible infections: GI upset, hepatopathy, and Tablets, capsules, gel, oral
hypersensitivity can occur, as
kg PO or 5 mg/kg IV q 12-24h
Vibramycin)
suspension, or injection.
5-10 mg/kg PO q 24h
Injection must be diluted
Immune-mediated dermatosis:
can enamel staining in puppies/
5 mg/kg PO q 12-24h with
hyperthermia in cats. Solid dosage
niacinamide kittens. May cause anorexia and to not more than 1 mg/mL
for IV administration; do not
forms may cause esophageal erosion/ administer IM or SQ.
stricture (especially cats). Administer
with food or follow with at least 6 mL
of liquid. GI protectants can reduce
absorption. Compounded liquid
stability limited.
D-penicillamine Copper hepatopathy: 10-15 mg/ Lead poisoning: Limited May cause vomiting, skin eruptions, Available only through
kg PO q 12h on an empty dosing information; vascular lesions, or cytopenias; compounding. Administer on
stomach (at least 20-30 10-15 mg/kg or monitor CBC and supplement empty stomach if tolerated,
minutes before feeding) 125 mg/CAT PO q 12h for pyridoxine (vitamin B 6) 25 mg PO or give with a small amount
Lead intoxication: 30-110 mg/kg 5 days q 24h. of food if GI upset.
divided into 6 doses for 7 days
E

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
Edrophonium (Tensilon, Test for myasthenia gravis: Test for myasthenia gravis: Can cause cholinergic signs; pretreat Injection
Enlon) 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV 0.25-0.5 mg/CAT IV (0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV) or have
Reversal of nondepolarizing atropine available during use.
neuromuscular blockade: Relatively contraindicated in asthma
0.25-0.5 mg/kg IV using or mechanical urinary or intestinal
low dose first; repeat once tract obstruction. Use with caution
if necessary in bradycardias or atrioventricular
block.
Enalapril maleate (Enacard, ACE inhibition for CHF: ACE inhibition for CHF: Adverse effects include GI upset, Tablets, oral solution, and
Vasotec) 0.5 mg/kg PO q 24h, 0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO q 24h azotemia, hyperkalemia; cough injection (as enalaprilat)
can increase to q 12h if Proteinuria: 0.25-1 mg/kg PO is reported in humans. Use with
needed q 12-24h caution in renal insufficiency
Proteinuria: 0.25-0.5 mg/ (dosages may need to be reduced)
kg PO q 12-24h initially, and in patients with hyponatremia,
increasing prn up to hypotension, pre-existing
2 mg/kg daily hematologic abnormalities, or a
collagen vascular disease.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) Thromboprophylaxis: Thromboprophylaxis: Can cause or worsen bleeding. Must Injection. U-100 insulin
0.8-1 mg/kg SQ q 6-8h 0.75-1.5 mg/kg SQ q 6-8h be given SQ. Available in broad syringes are useful for
range of concentrations; ensure providing accurate doses.
correct dosing. Monitor via Xa Expensive.
activity.
Enrofloxacin (Baytril, Susceptible infections: Due to the risk of irreversible Well tolerated in dogs at approved Tablets, injections approved
Enroflox) 10-20 mg/kg q 24h PO, retinal blindness, other route/dose. Can cause GI for small animals. Do not
IM. Can be given off label fluoroquinolones are upset, CNS stimulation, pain on use large animal injections
as diluted product by SQ preferred for use in cats. injection. Can cause blindness by any route in small
or IV route If used, doses must not in cats after parenteral injection animals. Compounding
exceed 5 mg/kg/d and or at doses >5 mg/kg/d (less pharmacies can prepare
should not be used by toxic fluoroquinolone agents are stable oral suspensions.
parenteral route available for use in cats). Risk Oral dosing best on an
of cartilage damage in young, empty stomach to avoid
growing animals (consider risk/ chelation (especially dairy).
benefit ratio). IV administration of Must be diluted to 10×
undiluted enrofloxacin may cause the volume (e.g., 2.27 mg/
dogs to vomit. Use with caution in mL final concentration)
hepatic or renal insufficiency. Many in saline before SQ or IV
potential drug interactions. Use of administration.
large animal enrofloxacin injection
in small animals may cause severe
phlebitis and sloughing at injection
site due to extremely alkaline pH,
and will cause mucosal ulceration if
given orally.

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