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1484 Hydroxyurea (Hydrea, Droxia, Mylocel) Imidocarb (Imizol)

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
VetBooks.ir Hydroxyurea (Hydrea, Droxia, Polycythemia: initially Polycythemia: 10-15 mg/kg Use with caution in anemia, bone Capsules
PO q 12h for 1-2 weeks
Mylocel)
30-60 mg/kg PO q 24h
marrow suppression, history of urate
stones, infection, impaired renal
(or divided twice daily) for
until PCV normalized, then
1-2 weeks until PCV is
other chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
dose q other day
normalized, then tapered tapered to lowest effective function, or in patients receiving
to lowest effective dose q Adverse effects include GI upset,
other day stomatitis, sloughing of nails,
Malignancies: variable (consult alopecia, and dysuria; most serious
veterinary oncologist) are bone marrow suppression and
pulmonary fibrosis.
Hydroxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril) Antihistamine: 2 mg/kg PO Antihistamine: 5-10 mg/CAT PO The most common adverse effect is Tablets, capsules
q 12h q 12h or 2 mg/kg PO q 12h sedation. Pamoate salts are more
Antipruritic: 0.5 to 2 mg/kg PO lipophilic and are more likely to cross
q 6-12h the blood-brain barrier, causing CNS
effects. Use with caution in patients
with prostatic hypertrophy, bladder
neck obstruction, severe cardiac
failure, angle-closure glaucoma, or
pyeloduodenal obstruction. Largely
replaced by alternative treatments.

I–K

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
2
Ifosfamide (Ifex) Antineoplastic: For dogs Antineoplastic: 900 mg/m as Must be given with saline diuresis Injection; must be diluted
<10 kg give 350 mg/m 2 infusion during aggressive and bladder-protective agent (i.e., to ≤20 mg/mL for use.
and for dogs >10 kg give saline diuresis. Begin diuresis mesna). Adverse effects include Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed
2
375 mg/m as infusion at least 30 minutes before myelosuppression, renal and hazardous drug and should
during aggressive saline drug administration, and bladder toxicity, neurotoxicity, and be prepared, administered,
diuresis. Begin diuresis at continue at least 5 hours GI upset. Nadirs in dogs and cats and disposed of in
least 30 minutes before after drug administration. are typically seen in 5-7 days but accordance with federal and
drug administration, and Mesna urothelial protectant may be delayed for as much as local requirements. Mesna is
continue at least 5 hours dosed at 20% of the patient’s 14-21 days. purchased separately as an
after drug administration. calculated mg dose of injection.
Mesna at a dose of 20% ifosfamide and administered
of the ifosfamide dose is at time zero (immediately
given as an IV bolus at the before ifosfamide
start of the IV infusion and administration), and then
again 2 and 5 hours after repeated 2 and 5 hours after
the ifosfamide infusion. Can ifosfamide. Can repeat q 3
repeat q 3 weeks. weeks.
Imidocarb (Imizol) Babesia: 6.6 mg/kg IM or SQ; Cytauxzoon: 5 mg/kg IM once Never administer IV. Cholinergic Injection
repeat dose in 2 weeks. and repeated in 14 days. signs are common and can
Pretreat with atropine at Pretreat with atropine at be mitigated with atropine or
0.05 mg/kg SQ to mitigate 0.05 mg/kg SQ to mitigate glycopyrrolate pre-treatment. Do
the muscarinic effects. the muscarinic effects. Less not use imidocarb in patients
optimal than atovaquone and exposed to cholinesterase-
azithromycin. inhibiting drugs, pesticides, or
chemicals. Use extreme caution
in dogs with impaired lung,
hepatic, or renal function. Less
commonly reported effects include
panting, diarrhea, restlessness,
and injection site inflammation
(more common after the second
dose, and rarely may ulcerate).
Hypoglycemia has been reported.
Rarely, severe renal tubular or
hepatic necrosis, and severe
cholinergic signs have occurred.

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