Page 2826 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

L-carnitine (Carnitor, levocarnitine) Lomustine (CCNU, Gleostine, CeeNU) 1489

Generic Name (Brand
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Administration/Availability
VetBooks.ir L-carnitine (Carnitor, Deficiency causing Hepatic lipidosis: Dose-related GI upset. Tablets, oral powder, or oral
levocarnitine)
solution OTC, and injection. Give
250-500 mg/CAT PO q 24h
cardiomyopathy:
50-200 mg/kg PO q 8h
oral forms with food.
Leflunomide (Arava) Immunosuppression: Immunosuppression: 2-3 mg/ Adverse effects include GI upset, Tablets; give with food.
3-4 mg/kg PO q 24h kg PO q 24h lethargy, bone marrow suppression,
and hypercholesterolemia.
Contraindicated in pregnancy and
hepatic impairment.
Levamisole (Levasole, Adjunct for systemic lupus Rarely used in cats Adverse effects include GI upset, Soluble powders OTC; give with
Tramisol) (SLE): 2-5 mg/kg PO neurotoxicity, hematologic food.
q 48h not to exceed toxicity, mydriasis, lethargy, and
150 mg/DOG. hypersalivation. Avoid in animals
Rarely used as anthelmintic with significant renal or hepatic
impairment.
Levetiracetam (Keppra) Anticonvulsant: 15-20 mg/kg Anticonvulsant: 20-30 mg/kg Adverse effects include mild sedation Immediate- and extended-release
PO q 8h for immediate- PO q 8h and GI upset. Human extended- tablets, oral solution, and
release tablets; 30 mg/ Status epilepticus: 20 mg/kg release generic products may not be injection. Oral forms may be
kg PO q 12-24h for IV once by slow bolus bioequivalent. Use with caution in given with or without food.
extended-release tablets renal impairment. Extended-release products
Status epilepticus: should not be broken or crushed.
30-60 mg/kg IV slow Administer IV bolus over 5-15
bolus minutes.
Levothyroxine sodium Hypothyroidism: 0.02 mg/ Hypothyroidism: 0.02- Use with caution with cardiac disease, Available in tablets and chewables,
(Thyro-Tabs Canine, kg PO q 12h (adjust as 0.04 mg/kg PO q 12-24h DM, or in elderly patients. Dogs with powder, and injection. Administer
Synthroid) needed based on T 4) (adjust based on T 4 ) hypoadrenocorticism should receive consistently either with or without
Myxedema crisis: 5 mcg/ replacement of mineralocorticoid food. Do not add injection to
kg IV q 12h until oral and glucocorticoid therapy before other fluids.
treatment possible receiving levothyroxine as an
increased basal metabolic rate may
exacerbate electrolyte disturbances.
Lidocaine (Xylocaine, Arrhythmias: 2-4 mg/kg IV Cats are very sensitive and Ensure product for IV use does not Injection, transdermal patch, gel,
Lignocaine) over 1-2 minutes, then develop cardiodepression. contain epinephrine. Use IV with and ready-to-administer premixed
0.5-2 mg/kg q 20-60 Arrhythmias: 0.25-0.75 mg/ caution in patients with liver disease bags in D 5W. Administer IV
minutes, or 0.04-0.08 mg/ kg slowly over 5 minutes; (reduce dose 50%), CHF, shock, slowly. Do not administer
kg/min (40-80 mcg/kg/ give 1-4 mg bolus hypovolemia, severe respiratory epinephrine-containing products
min) CRI IV maximum over 5 minutes; depression, marked hypoxia, IV.
Regional anesthesia: up to use diluted solution as CRI bradycardia or incomplete heart
4 mg/kg local injection 0.01-0.04 mg/kg/min block.
Epidural: 1 mL of 2% Regional anesthesia: 2-4 mg/
lidocaine per 4.5 kg BW kg local injection
Urethral catheterization: sterile
gel applied to catheter
Liothyronine, T 3 (Cytomel, Hypothyroidism T 3 suppression test: Use with caution in patients with Tablets or injection; administer
Triostat) nonresponsive to 25 mcg/CAT PO q 8h for liver disease (reduce dose 50%), consistently either with or without
levothyroxine: 4-6 mcg/kg 7 doses. Measure T 4 2-6 CHF, shock, hypovolemia, severe food. Do not add injection to
PO q 8h hours after last dose. respiratory depression, marked other fluids.
hypoxia, bradycardia or incomplete
heart block having VPCs. For IV use
ensure that products do not contain
epinephrine.
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) ACE inhibitor used for CHF: Adjunctive treatment of CHF: GI distress, cough, weakness, Tablets; give with food.
0.5 mg/kg PO q 12h 0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO q 24h hypotension, renal dysfunction, and
hyperkalemia possible. Rashes,
neutropenia, and agranulocytosis
have been reported in humans.
Use with caution in coronary or
cerebrovascular insufficiency, pre-
existing hematologic abnormalities,
electrolyte disorders, or collagen
vascular disease.
2
Lomustine (CCNU, Antineoplastic: 50-90 mg/m Antineoplastic: 40-60 mg/m 2 Adverse effects are serious and Capsules. NIOSH classifies
Gleostine, CeeNU) q 2-6 weeks. Consult with q 3-6 weeks or as a single include bone marrow depression, lomustine as antineoplastic agent
veterinary oncologist. 10-mg dose q 3 weeks. hepatotoxicity, and lung injury. that represents an occupational
DO NOT administer with hazard to health care workers and
alpha-lipoic acid as has that should always be handled
been suggested for dogs. with use of recommended Drug Compendium
Consult with veterinary engineering controls and personal
oncologist. protective equipment (PPE),
regardless of formulation.

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