Page 2846 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

Ursodiol (Actigall, ursodeoxycholic acid) Vitamin B 3 : see niacinamide 1509

U-Z

VetBooks.ir Generic Name (Brand Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Administration/
Availability
Name, Synonyms)
Ursodiol (Actigall, Adjunct therapy for chronic Adjunct therapy for chronic Contraindicated in bile duct obstruction. Tablets, capsules; give
ursodeoxycholic acid) hepatitis: 10-15 mg/kg PO q hepatitis: 10-15 mg/kg PO q Generally well tolerated. Diarrhea and with food. Compounding
12-24h 12-24h abdominal pain have been reported. pharmacists may prepare
stable oral suspensions.
Vancomycin (Vancocin) Susceptible gram-positive, Susceptible gram-positive, Adverse effects include nephrotoxicity Injection (tablets have
life-threatening infections: life-threatening infections: and ototoxicity. Thrombophlebitis, no utility in veterinary
15-20 mg/kg IV over 30-60 15-20 mg/kg IV over 30-60 severe hypotension, and cardiac medicine). Do not give IM,
minutes q 6-8h, or 3.5 mg/ minutes q 6-8h, or 3.5 mg/ arrest following IV administration SQ, or IP as severe tissue
kg IV bolus followed by kg IV bolus followed by have been reported. Reserve for life- damage and pain may
1.5 mg/kg/h IV CRI. Consult 1.5 mg/kg/h IV CRI. Consult threatening gram-positive infections occur. IV doses are diluted
veterinary microbiologist or veterinary microbiologist or that are resistant to other agents. in normal saline or D 5W to
internist before use. internist before use. Reduce doses in renal failure. concentrations of <5 mg/
mL and administered
slowly.
Vasopressin (Pitressin, CPR: 0.6-0.8 units/kg IV, or CPR: 0.6-0.8 units/kg IV, or Use with caution in patients with Aqueous injection
arginine vasopressin, 1.2 units/kg intratracheal, or 1.2 units/kg intratracheal, or vascular disease, seizure disorders,
antidiuretic hormone, ADH) 0.8 units/kg IV q 3-5 minutes 0.8 units/kg IV q 3-5 minutes heart failure, or asthma. Serious
prn prn adverse effects are possible, including
Refractory shock states: Refractory shock states: anaphylaxis, cardiac arrhythmia or
0.5-4 mU/kg/min IV to effect 0.5-4 mU/kg/min IV to effect arrest, GI upset, tremors, and smooth
Diagnostic for diabetes Diagnostic for diabetes muscle contractions.
insipidus: 0.5 units/kg IM insipidus: 0.5 units/kg IM
to maximum 5 units after to maximum 5 units after
5% weight loss from water 5% weight loss from water
deprivation deprivation
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Calcium channel blocker used SVT: 0.025 mg/kg slow IV q Contraindicated in patients with Injection (tablets, capsules
Verelan) for SVT: 0.05 mg/kg IV q 5-10 minutes up to total dose cardiogenic shock or severe CHF seldom used in veterinary
5-10 minutes up to total dose of 0.15 mg/kg, or 2-10 mcg/ (unless secondary to a SVT amenable medicine). For IV dosing,
of 0.15 mg/kg, or 2-10 mcg/ kg/min CRI, or 0.5-1 mg/kg to verapamil therapy), hypotension, give only as a slow
kg/min CRI, or 0.5-3 mg/kg PO q 8h sick sinus syndrome, second- or infusion over at least 2
PO q 8h third-degree AV block, digoxin minutes with continuous
intoxication, and MDR1/ABCB1-Δ EKG and blood pressure
mutation. Use with caution in patients monitoring.
with heart failure, hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy (common in cats),
and hepatic or renal impairment.
Toxicity may be potentiated in patients
with hepatic dysfunction. It should be
used cautiously in patients with atrial
fibrillation. Multiple drug interactions.
2
Vinblastine (Velban) Antineoplastic: 1.5-3 mg/m IV Antineoplastic: 1.5-3 mg/m IV Adverse events are GI toxicity and Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-
2
q 1-2 weeks q 1-2 weeks myelosuppression. Cats can develop listed hazardous drug
neurotoxicity that can be associated that should be prepared,
with constipation or paralytic ileus, administered, and
thereby aggravating anorexia. Irritating disposed of in accordance
if extravasated. Contraindicated with federal and local
in neutropenia. Dosage reduction requirements.
required in hepatic failure (50%)
and in dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ
mutation (25%-30%).
Vincristine (Oncovin, Antineoplastic: 0.5-0.75 mg/m 2 Antineoplastic: 0.5-0.75 mg/m 2 Adverse events are GI toxicity and Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-
Vincasar PFS) IV q 1-2 weeks IV q 1-2 weeks myelosuppression. Cats can develop listed hazardous drug
Transmissible venereal tumor: neurotoxicity that can be associated and should be prepared,
0.025 mg/kg IV weekly, with constipation or paralytic ileus, administered, and
maximum 1 mg/dose thereby aggravating anorexia. Irritating disposed of in accordance
Immune-mediated if extravasated. Contraindicated with federal and local
thrombocytopenia: 0.02 mg/ in neutropenia. Dosage reduction requirements.
2
kg or 0.5 mg/m IV once required in hepatic failure (50%)
and in dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ
mutation (25%-30%).
Drug Compendium
Vitamin B 1 : see thiamine
Vitamin B 3 : see niacinamide

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