Page 367 - Essentials of Human Communication
P. 367
346 Index
Expectancy hearing, 60 listening and, 62 listening and, 65–66
Expediters, 195 public speaking and, 253 love and, 144
Experience, public speaking, 209 Feedback stage politeness and, 73, 74, 78
Expert power, 13 of conversation, 121f, 122 purpose of communication and, 10
Exposure, selective, 35–36, 288–289 of small groups, 176, 177f rapport and, 65–66
Expressing empathy, 59 Feedforward, 5f, 6 relationships and, 144
Expression Feedforward stage report talk and, 65–66
of criticism, 254, 257–258 of conversation, 121f, 122 self-concept and, 26
facial, in public speaking, 252 of small groups, 176, 177f sexism and, 82–83
form of, thesis of speech and, 216 Feeling empathy, 58–59 stereotypes of, 123
written-style, 238 Fiction/fact pattern organization, 227 touch avoidance and, 108
Extemporaneous speeches, 249 Fighting ethically, 163. See also Conflict verbal messages and, 78, 82–83
Extensional devices, 86 Figures of speech, 238, 238t General purpose of public speeches, 215
Extensional orientation, 85 Filled pauses, 251 Generic terms, 82
Eye communication, 101, 252 First impressions, 38, 40. See also Generosity, maxim of, 128
Eye contact, 101 Impression formation Gestures
culture and, 65 competence and, 20 culture-specific meanings of, 97, 98f
listening and, 62 small groups and, 180 in public speaking, 252
in public speaking, 242 Five “W” questions pattern organization, Gobbledygook, 60t
227 Goodwill, speech to secure, 298
Face-attacking strategy, 167–168 Five-stage model of conversation, Gordon, Thomas, 63
Face-enhancing strategy, 167–168 121–123, 121f Gossip, ethics of, 184
Face-to-face communication, 8 Flaming, in small groups, 196 Grammatical ambiguity, 11
Facial communication, 99–101 Flexibility, conversation and, 127 Grapevine communication, workplace
culture and, 100–101 Flip charts, 270t messages and, 7
feedback hypothesis of, 100 Flowcharts, 270f Graphs in informative speech, 268–269,
management of, 100 Focus 268f
in public speaking, 252 content, 175, 177f Gratifications, of online communication,
Facial feedback hypothesis, 100 listening and, 56 174
Facilitation of persuasive speeches, 288 Group interaction, 3
of open expression, 168 present, 168 Groups, small. See Small groups
social, 197 public speaking and, 210 Groupthink, 198
Fact thesis of speech and, 216 Guidance, of small groups, 203
errors of, 219 Focus groups, 182 Gunnysacking, 168
versus inference, 86–87 Followers, 195
in informative speeches, 267 Force, 62, 165 Hair, 105
listening and, 54 Forced listening, 62 Handouts in informative speech, 270t
versus opinion, 54 Form of expression, thesis and, 216 Handshakes, 122t
organization of speeches and, 227 Formal language, 238 Haptics, 107, 108
in persuasive speeches, 219 Forum, 177, 177f Harmonizers, 195
questions of, 297, 299–300, 305t Friendship, 143, 150. See also Hate speech, 56, 80–85
Failure, and impression management, 45 Relationships Hearing
Fairness of information, 221t Functional approach to leadership, 200 deafness and, 53t
Fallacies Fundamental attribution error, 39 as distinct from listening, 51
of language, 60t expectancy, 60
listening to, 294, 296–297 Gaining attention, and public speaking, Helping, as purpose of communication,
in persuasive speech, 292, 294, 241–242 9, 10t
296–297 Galileo and the Ghosts technique, 40–41 Hesitations in public speaking, 239
Family, 144–146, 144t. See also Gatekeepers, 195 Heterosexist speech, 80–81
Relationships Gaze, 101 Hidden self, 27f, 28
conflict and, 163 Gender. See also Affectional orientation High-context cultures, 17, 179
rules of, 151 accepted terms for, 84–85 High-power-distance cultures, 17, 193, 289
Favorability of audience, 218 audience sociology and, 217t High-uncertainty avoidance cultures, 289
Fear appeals, 293 conflict and, 160–161 Home decoration, 106
Feedback, 5f, 6 conversation and, 123 Home field advantage, 103
blockers and, 196 culture and, 16, 17 Homophobia, 80–81
culture and, 65 directness and, 78 Homosexuality. See Affectional
facial feedback hypothesis, 100 eye communication and, 101 orientation; Gender
