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日本公共卫生体系的结构与新冠病毒疫情的应对
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dl/166-7a.pdf. 特点 [J]．中国卫生政策研究，2017(11)：18．
[9] 厚生労働省．感染症の予防及び感染症の患者に対 [17] 文部科学省．自然災害に対する学校防災体制の強
する医療に関する法律及び検疫法の一部を改正する法律案 化及び実践的な防災教育の推進について [OL]．(2019-12-25)
[OL].(2008-02-05).https://www.mhlw.go.jp/topics/bukyoku/ https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/kenko/anzen/1422067_00001.
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[10] 厚生労働省．生活困窮者自立支援法案 [OL]．（2013- [18] 文部科学省．学校等の防災体制の充実について
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[15] 滕五晓等编著．日本灾害对策体制 [M]．北京：中 （责任编辑 富 晨）
The Structure of Japan's Public Health System and Its Response to the COVID-19
Zhou Zhihong Liu Bing
Abstract： With the rapid spread of the COVID-19, the whole world has encountered a huge rush in many aspects, and the word of
public health has become a word of great concern worldwidely. As a country with frequent disaster, Japan has formed a complete and
efficient public health system after efforts of nearly a hundred years. Experiences of the construction of Japan's public health system
and outcomes from the response to the COVID-19 need to be summarized seriously. The paper mainly includes three parts. Firstly,
the development history of Japan's public health system since the modern times was introduced briefly. Then, analyze the structure of
Japan's public health system based on management and service agencies and several big subsystems. Finally, summarize the situation
of Japan's response to the COVID-19 and its experiences or drawbacks.
Key Words： the COVID-19; Public Health System; Emergency Management; Declaration of Emergency
36 日本研究·2020 年第 2 期
