Page 2834 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Nitenpyram (Capstar) 1497

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
VetBooks.ir Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Myasthenia gravis: Myasthenia gravis: 0.01- Contraindicated in peritonitis, Injection
0.05 mg/kg IM, SQ q 6h
intestinal or urinary tract
0.01-0.05 mg/kg IM, SQ q
or prn
obstructions. Use with caution
6h or prn
in patients with epilepsy,
peptic ulcer disease, bronchial
asthma, cardiac arrhythmias,
hyperthyroidism, vagotonia, or
megacolon. Adverse muscarinic
effects can be reversed with
atropine.
Niacinamide (nicotinamide, Immune-mediated Use in cats is not described. Contraindicated in liver disease Tablets and capsules
vitamin B 3 ) dermatopathies and gastric ulcers. Generally
(in combination well tolerated, but adverse
with doxycycline): effects may include anorexia,
Empirically dosed, vomiting, diarrhea, and
<5 kg—100 mg/DOG PO q lethargy. Hepatic enzyme
8h; 5-10 kg—250 mg/DOG elevation may occur. Do not
PO q 8h; confuse with niacin.
>10 kg—500 mg/DOG PO
q 8h
Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin, Susceptible urinary infection: Susceptible urinary infection: Adverse effects include GI Capsules; give with food.
Macrobid) 4 mg/kg PO q 8h 4 mg/kg PO q 8h upset, peripheral neuropathy,
pulmonary hypersensitivity
reactions, hepatopathy,
and neurotoxicity (rare).
Contraindicated in renal
impairment.
Nitroglycerin (NTG, Adjunct therapy for acute Adjunct therapy for acute heart Can cause rash at application Ointment. While wearing
Nitro-bid, Minitran) heart failure: Empirically failure: Empirically dosed for site or hypotension. Use with gloves, apply to a hairless
dosed for small dogs— 4 - cats— 8 - 1 4 inch q 6-12h extreme caution in cerebral region, such as the inside
1
1
1 2 inch; medium on hairless skin hemorrhage, head trauma, of the ear flap or groin.
dogs— 2 -1 inch; large diuretic-induced hypovolemia,
1
dogs—1-2 inches q 6-12h or other hypotensive conditions.
on hairless skin Tolerance to effects occurs with
2-3 days of use. Avoid contact
with human skin.
Nitroprusside (Nitropress) Hypertensive crisis: 1-7 mcg/ Hypertensive crisis: 1-2 mcg/ Adverse effects include Injection. After reconstitution
kg/min IV CRI kg/min IV CRI hypotension, GI upset, dilute in D 5 W, and give IV
restlessness, muscle twitching, slowly as a CRI. Do not
and dizziness. Use with flush IV line as this may
caution in patients with hepatic cause overdose. Avoid
insufficiency, severe renal extravasation.
impairment, hyponatremia, or
hypothyroidism.
Norepinephrine (Levophed) Profound hypotension: 0.05- Profound hypotension: Do not use as a substitute for Injection. Dilute with D 5 W
0.2 mcg/kg/min IV CRI, 0.05-0.1 mcg/kg/min IV CRI blood or fluid replacement. (not saline) for IV injection.
titrated to effect (maximum then titrate to effect using Without appropriate blood or Typically a 4-mg vial is
1-2 mcg/kg/min) not more than 1-2 mcg/ fluid replacement, peripheral added to a 250-mL bag of
kg/min and visceral vasoconstriction, D 5 W to make a 16-mcg/mL
decreased renal perfusion solution. Discard injections
and urine output, and poor with a pinkish or yellowish
systemic blood flow can result. tint.
Arrhythmias and hypertension
can also occur. Cats are more
likely than dogs to suffer these
adverse events.
Nystatin (Nilstat) Candidiasis: 50,000- Candidiasis: 50,000 units/CAT Generally well tolerated with Oral suspension. Shake well
150,000 units/DOG PO q PO q 6-8h occasional GI upset. before using.
6-8h
Nitenpyram (Capstar) Fleas (immediate kill): Dogs Fleas (immediate kill): 11.4-mg Rare reports of lethargy/ Tablets
up to 11 kg, one 11.4-mg tablet/CAT PO once (can hyperactivity, GI upset,
tablet PO once; dogs repeat q 24h) hypersalivation, vocalization.
>11 kg, one 57-mg tablet
Drug Compendium
once (can repeat q 24h)

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