Page 2838 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

Ponazuril (Toltrazuril sulfone, Marquis) Prazosin (Minipress) 1501

Generic Name (Brand Administration/
Name, Synonyms) Canine Dosages Feline Dosages Adverse Effects/Warnings Availability
VetBooks.ir Ponazuril (Toltrazuril sulfone, Neospora or toxoplasmosis: Neospora or toxoplasmosis: Adverse effects are usually GI in nature Oral paste
but may include neurotoxicity from
Marquis)
7.5-15 mg/kg PO q 24h ×
7.5-15 mg/kg PO q 24h ×
28 days, or 50 mg/kg q 24h
28 days, or 50 mg/kg q 24h
folate depletion. KCS has been
once, repeated in 7 days
once, repeated in 7 days
Coccidiosis: 20 mg/kg PO q Coccidiosis: 20 mg/kg PO q reported.
24h × 3 days 24h × 3 days
Potassium bromide Idiopathic epilepsy: Loading Do not use in cats. Contraindicated in cats due to adverse A commercially available tablet
dose 400-600 mg/kg respiratory effects. Adverse effects preparation is available
PO divided over 5 days include transient sedation and GI but is not FDA approved.
with food. Maintenance: upset. Overdoses cause ataxia, Compounding pharmacists
25-35 mg/kg PO q 24h to tremors, mydriasis, or other CNS may also prepare stable
achieve therapeutic serum manifestations of bromism. Avoid capsules and solutions. Give
levels of 1-3 mg/mL fluctuations in chloride intake once with food to minimize GI
therapeutic blood levels are reached. upset. Elevate food bowls
until tolerance to sedation
has occurred.
Potassium citrate (Urocit-K) Urinary alkalinizer/potassium Urinary alkalinizer/potassium Adverse effects include GI upset and Tablets. Follow with 6 mL of
supplement: 50-75 mg/kg supplement: 50-75 mg/kg ulceration, hyperkalemia. Use with liquid or food to prevent
PO q 12h PO q 12h caution in patients prone to GI esophageal ulceration.
ulceration or esophageal strictures.
Follow doses with at least 6 mL of
liquid or food. Contraindicated in
hyperkalemia and UTIs with struvite
stones.
Potassium gluconate Potassium supplement: Potassium supplement: Contraindicated in hyperkalemia and Tablets, powders, oral gels.
(Tumil-K) 0.5-1 mEq/kg PO q 12h 0.5-1 mEq/kg PO q 12h UTIs with struvite stones. Use with Follow tablets with 6 mL
caution in patients prone to GI of liquid or food to prevent
ulceration or esophageal strictures. esophageal ulceration.
Follow doses with at least 6 mL
of liquid or food. Adverse effects
include GI upset, GI ulceration, and
hyperkalemia.
Potassium phosphate Hypophosphatemia: 0.01- Hypophosphatemia: 0.01- Adverse effects include Concentrated injection for
0.03 mmol/kg/h IV CRI 0.03 mmol/kg/h IV CRI hyperphosphatemia (and related dilution in normal saline (do
hypocalcemia), hypotension, not dilute with calcium- or
renal failure, or soft tissue magnesium-containing
mineralization. Contraindicated in fluids).
hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia,
and oliguric renal failure.
Pradofloxacin (Veraflox) Susceptible bacterial infection: Susceptible infections: 7.5 mg/ Generally well tolerated, with GI upset Only oral suspension in the
3 mg/kg PO q 24h. kg PO q 24h sometimes seen. Blood dyscrasias United States; tablets and
Although available for dogs are possible in dogs and in cats suspension elsewhere. Give
elsewhere, NOT approved that receive therapy longer than 6 on an empty stomach if
for use in dogs in the United weeks or with high dosages. Rapid tolerated, or with nondairy
States. growth is a relative contraindication foods if necessary due to
due to possible adverse cartilage GI upset.
effects. Use with caution with renal
or hepatic insufficiency. May cause
photosensitivity.
Pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM, Organophosphate poisoning: Organophosphate poisoning: Adverse effects include GI upset, Injections for SQ or IM
Protopam) 20-50 mg/kg IM or SQ; 20-50 mg/kg IM or SQ; tachycardia, and muscle weakness. administration. Ideally
repeated q 8-12h prn repeated q 8-12h prn Use with extreme caution in patients initiated within 24 hours of
with myasthenia gravis. Monitor organophosphate exposure.
patients for effect and repeat as
needed.
Praziquantel (Droncit, Tapeworms: 5-12.6 mg/kg PO Tapeworms: 5.7 mg/kg PO or Oral forms are generally well tolerated Tablets, injection. Some forms
Drontal) or SQ once SQ once but may cause GI upset. Injectable OTC.
Salmon poisoning flukes: forms can cause pain on injection,
10-30 mg/kg PO or SQ vomiting, and ataxia. Use with caution
once in patients with history of seizures.
Paragonimus: 23 mg/kg PO q
8h × 3 days
Prazosin (Minipress) Urethral relaxation: 0.07 mg/ Urethral relaxation: Adverse effects include CNS depression, Capsules, or compounded
kg, or 0.5-4 mg/DOG PO q 0.25-1 mg/CAT PO q 8-12h GI upset, tachycardia, and nictitans (usually necessary for feline
8-12h elevation. Contraindicated in dosing). Give with food.
Afterload reduction in CHF: hypotension. Some dogs with the Drug Compendium
dogs <15 kg, 1 mg, or dogs MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation may be
>15 kg, 2 mg PO q 8h sensitive; use with caution in known
titrated to effect mutants.

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